Abstract: Objective: To explore home exercise and related factors in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Methods: Three hundred and thirty-six patients with MHD were investigated with questionnaire based on the transtheoretical model. Results: Totally 60.7% of the patients with MHD had regular exercise,and 39.3% of the patients had irregular exercise. The score of perceived importance of exercise was 7.41±2.37, and the score of self-confidence was 7.18±2.63. The Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale was 56.68±13.77, and the Dialysis patient-perceived Exercise Benefits and Barriers Scale was 69.72±6.29. There were significant differences between the patients with regular exercise and patients with irregular exercise in the perceived importance, self-confidence, Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale, and Dialysis patient-perceived Exercise Benefits and Barriers Scale (P<0.05). The patients of younger age and higher education level possessed a larger proportion of irregular exercise. Conclusion: Patients with MHD need regular exercises. It is suggested to provide health education to patientswith MHD to encourage regular exercise.