Abstract: Objective: To establish factor type orthopedic patient classification system, and to guide the scientific allocation of nursing human resources in orthopedic departments. Methods: According to the original RMT-PCS scale, we designed a new factor type orthopedic patient classification scale to classify the orthopedic patients. We got the nurse-allocation ratios of every type of patients through the formula, so according to the investigation results of the six wards, the amount of needed nurses was obtained. Results: The factor type orthopedic patient classification system divided all patients into four types according to the Nursing Hours Per Patient Day (NHPPD), the nurse-allocation ratios were 0.30, 0.48, 1.04, 2.01 respectively. The formula to calculate the needed nurses was "needed number=(the patients number of type one 0.30) + (the patients number of type two 0.48) + (the patients number of type three 1.04) + (the patients number of type four 2.01)". The results showed that the actual amount of nurses was far less than the number required in clinical practice. Conclusions: The factor type orthopedic patient classification system could classify the patients objectively and guide the allocation of nursing human resources scientifically and conveniently.