关键词: 心血管疾病；高强度间歇训练；危险因素；儿童；青少年；Meta分析

Abstract: Objective: This systematic review was designed to assess the impact of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases among children and adolescents, to offer reference for clinical guidance on the standardized HIIT training for these patients. Methods: We searched database to collect randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of HIIT on the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in children and adolescents from the inception of the database to March 31, 2024. Two evaluators independently screened the literature, extracted information and evaluated the risk of bias of the included studies. Then Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3. Results: Ultimately we included 12 studies, comprising 367 study participants. The results showed that HIIT could reduce body fat percentage (BFP%) [MD=-1.70, 95%CI (-2.42, -0.99), P<0.001], lower total cholesterol (TC) [MD=-0.37, 95%CI (-0.67, -0.07), P=0.02], low-density lipoprotein (LDL) [MD=-0.33, 95%CI (-0.56,-0.10), P=0.005], and triglycerides (TG) [MD=-0.33, 95%CI (-0.41, -0.24), P<0.001]. According to the subgroup analysis, compared with patients having HIIT 2 times per week, those having HIIT 3 times a week were observed to have better BFP% improvement. Bicycle training (85%-95% VO2peak) was more efficacious than shuttle run in improving subjects' BMI and BFP%. Conclusion: HIIT has the potential to ameliorate the body fat percentage of children and adolescents as well as other cardiovascular disease risk factors. Children and adolescents who perform HIIT for more than 12 weeks, with a training frequency of 3 times per week and an intensity of 85%-95% VO2peak are more likely to obtain the desired results.

Key words: cardiovascular disease; High-Intensity Interval Training; risk factor; children; adolescents; Meta-analysis