关键词: 高血压；主动健康行为；风险感知；依从性；影响因素

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the current status of proactive health behaviours in patients with hypertension and to analyze the influencing factors, aiming to provide a basis for the development of hypertension health management programs. Methods: Convenience sampling was used to select hypertensive patients in five tertiary grade A hospitals in Zhengzhou, Henan province from December 2023 to April 2024. The general information questionnaire, the Active Health Behaviour Scale for hypertensive patients, the Cardiovascular Disease Risk Perception Assessment Tool, and the Therapeutic Adherence Scale for Hypertensive Patients were used in this study. Results: The Active Health Behaviour Scale score for hypertensive patients was 109.88±6.82. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that age, duration of hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, score of perceived risk of cardiovascular disease entry, and score of adherence to treatment for hypertensive patients were the factors influencing their active health behaviours (P<0.05), which together explained 91.8% of the total variance. Conclusion: Active health behaviours are at a moderate level in hypertensive patients. The behaviors are better in those hypertensive patients with younger ages, shorter duration of illness, and no hyperlipidaemia. Improved absolute risk perception of cardiovascular disease and adherence to treatment are conducive to the promotion of active health behaviours, control of blood pressure levels and reduction of complications in hypertensive patients.

Key words: hypertension; active health behavior; risk perception; adherence; influencing factor