警示标识及防护方案在高龄患者误吸安全管理中的应用及效果评价

警示标识及防护方案在高龄患者误吸安全管理中的应用及效果评价

刘青青钱媛孙丽凯陈俊春

华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院综合医疗科（刘青青，孙丽凯，陈俊春）；护理部（钱媛）

出版日期:2016-10-25 发布日期:2016-10-25
基金资助:
2013 年湖北省自然科学基金项目（2013CFB079）；华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院院基金资助（2013C003）

The application effect of the warning signs and prevention schemes on the aspiration safety management among the elderly patients

Online:2016-10-25 Published:2016-10-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的：评价警示标识及防护方案在高龄患者误吸安全管理中的应用效果。方法：将 168 例患者按入院时间分为观察组 (88 例 ) 和对照组 (80 例 )，对照组给予常规误吸宣教，观察组在标准吞咽功能评估和误吸风险分级的基础上，设计误吸警示标识及防护方案进行误吸预防。比较两组患者住院期间进食误吸的发生情况。结果：住院期间，观察组共进食 5380 次，误吸发生 41 次，占 0.76%，其中呛咳发生 37 次、噎食发生 4 次、窒息发生 0 次；对照组患者共进食 4824 次，误吸发生 172 次，占 3.57%，其中呛咳发生 148 次、噎食发生 23 次、窒息发生 1 次；两组误吸发生率比较差异有统计学意义（ P <0.01）。结论：误吸警示标识及防护方案的实施可提高护士工作的警惕性、科学性、针对性，使患者易于接受，是一种有效预防误吸的管理方式。

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the application effect of the warning signs and prevention schemes on the aspiration safety management among the elderly patients. Methods: Totally 168 patients were recruited and divided into observation group (88 cases) and control group (80 cases) according to admission time. The control group was given routine aspiration education, while we designed aspiration warning signs and prevention scheme for the observation group based on the standardized swallowing assessment and aspiration risk classification. We compared the incidence of feeding aspiration during hospitalization between the two groups. Results: During hospitalization, the patients in the observation group eat 5380 times and aspiration occurred 41 times (0.76%) with 37 choked cough, 4 choking, and 0 asphyxia. The patients in the control group eat 4824 times and aspiration occurred 172 times (3.57%) with 148 choked cough, 23 choking, and 1 asphyxia.The aspiration incidence rate between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.01). Conclusion: The implementation of the warning signs and prevention schemes could improve the vigilance, scientificalness and pertinence of nurses' work,and the patients could accept and understand easily. This is an effective management method of preventing aspiration.

刘青青钱媛孙丽凯陈俊春. 警示标识及防护方案在高龄患者误吸安全管理中的应用及效果评价[J]. , 2016, 16(10): 1400-1403.