Abstract: Objective: To investigate and analyze the clinical nurses' cognition of telephone follow-up in the tertiary grade A hospitals of Chongqing and its influencing factors, in order to improve clinical nurses' capacity of telephone followup for discharged patients. Method: A total of 588 clinical nurses from eight tertiary Grade A hospitals of Chongqing had participated and completed the questionnaires that designed by the authors. Results: The overall score of the nurses' cognition was 123.10±11.55. The logistic regression analysis showed that the main factors related to nurses' perception of telephone follow-up included professional ranks, educational background, employment status, and nursing-teaching position. Conclusion:This study suggests that current clinical nurses' cognition of telephone follow-up could only be at a medium level. Nursing administrators should improve newly registered nurses' knowledge of the importance and necessity of telephone follow-up for discharged patients, and to add further training in medical pharmacy, psychological knowledge, and nursing specialties. This study also suggests to regulate the process of telephone follow-up and to standardize the health education for patients and families.