Abstract: Objective: To describe the nursing professional role development situation of undergraduate nurses in Sichuan province. Methods: Using stratified randomization method, 488 undergraduate nurses and their managers in Sichuan province were selected and investigated. Results: The self-evaluation score of professional role was 29.69±4.84 and the unit-evaluation score was 30.49±5.50 which was better than self-evaluation (P<0.05). The self-evaluation and unit-evaluation had nearly the same order.The evaluation scores of caring patient and improving nursing quality were the highest and the scores of developing other nursing projects beyond clinical nursing care and leading other nurse to develop scientific research were the lowest. Conclusion: Generally,the professional role development of undergraduate nurses in Sichuan province is relatively positive, but it is also need improvement,especially the scientific research and innovation role development.