Abstract: Objective: To understand the mental health status and its influencing factors of primary family caregivers of diabetes patients. Methods: The self- rating depression scale (SDS), self-evaluation of anxiety scale (SAS) were used to investigate 150 caregivers of patients with diabetes. The influence of demographic characteristics on their psychological status were analyzed.Results: The average SAS score of diabetic patients' caregivers was 41.22±5.53, the average score of SDS was 45.02±8.28, both of them were higher than those of the national norm (P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that diabetes type, medical payment scheme and whether or not having the need to monitor patients' diet were the main factors influencing the caregivers'anxiety; while diabetes type, medical payment scheme, patients' blood sugar control levels and whether or not full-time care were the main factors influencing the caregivers' depression. Conclusion: Medical staff need pay more attention on mental health status of primary family caregivers of diabetes; strengthen the social support to improve their psychological health level.