Abstract: Objective: To analyze the influencing factors of nurses' medication safety behavior and the interaction mechanism among these factors, to provide a scientific basis for nurses' medication safety management. Methods: From November to December 2024, a total of 626 nurses from three tertiary general hospitals in the New District of Suzhou were selected through cluster sampling. The General Information Questionnaire, the Medication Safety Management Training Questionnaire, the Nurse Medication Environmental Perception Scale, the Chinese version of Safety Attitudes Questionnaire, the Medication Safety Competence Scale for clinical nurses, the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Questionnaire of Nursing Interruptions, and the Nurse Medication Safety Behavior Questionnaire were used for the investigation. The influencing factors of nurses' medication safety behavior and the mechanism of action of these factors were analyzed through the structural equation model. Results: The score of nurses' medication safety behavior was 48.50±8.60. The model fitting indicators of the structural equation model were χ2/df=2.908, CFI=0.947, GFI=0.952, NFI=0.922, TLI=0.928, RMSEA=0.055, and IFI=0.947. Nurses' medication safety competence (β=0.383), nurses' perception of the medication environment (β=0.271) directly and positively influenced nurses' medication safety behavior. Medication safety management training [β=0.123, 95% CI (0.013, 0.361)], nurses' perception of the medication environment [β=0.095, 95%CI (0.010, 0.305)], nurses' attitude towards medication safety [β=0.077, 95%CI (0.005, 0.268)], and knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding nursing interruptions [β=0.120, 95%CI (0.009, 0.369)] could indirectly and positively influence nurses' medication safety behaviors through nurses' medication safety competence. Conclusion: Nurses' medication safety behavior is at a moderately high level. Medication safety management training and management of nursing interruption events should be implemented, nurses' perception of the medication environment should be enhanced, nurses' attitudes towards medication safety should be strengthened, and nurses' medication safety competence should be improved. Thus, nurses' medication safety behaviors would be promoted.

Key words: medication safety; nurse; influencing factor; structural equation model