Abstract: Objective: To systematically retrieve, evaluate, and summarize relevant evidence related to the practice of debriefing in medical scenario-based simulation, thereby providing references for optimizing simulation-based medical education. Methods: Following the "6S" evidence model, a top-down search was conducted in relevant databases and websites for literature on the application of debrifing in clinical scenario simulation teaching practices from the inception of the database to November 17, 2024. Researchers evaluated the the quality of the included literature and screened the evidence, which was then translated, summarized and synthesized. Results: A total of 8 literature, including 1 best practice report, 2 guidelines, 5 systematic reviews were enrolled. Finally, 22 pieces of evidence were summarized into 5 aspects, namely prebriefing, timing and duration of debriefing, forms of debriefing, practical approaches of debriefing, the skill requirements of teachers. Conclusion: Teachers should integrate clinical teaching situations and specific teaching objectives to select the appropriate evidence for debriefing in teaching practice, aiming to enhance the quality of debriefing in clinical simulations.

Key words: debriefing; clinical scenario simulation; clinical teaching; evidence summary; evidence-based nursing