Abstract: Objective: To investigate the nursing needs of school-aged children underwent Lumbar Puncture (LP) with Acute Leukemia (AL) and the main influencing factors. Methods: A total of 216 school-aged children with Acute Leukemia (AL) were enrolled. A structured questionnaire was used to survey. Results: The overall score of nursing needs was (124.37±14.27). The scores of information needs, communication needs, esteem needs, comfort needs, and self-actualization needs were (36.30±8.71), (34.99±4.13), (18.38±1.43), (17.94±1.92), (16.76±2.42), respectively. The result of multiple linear regression showed that nursing needs of school-aged children underwent LP with AL were influenced by the amount of lumbar punctures, gender, age and caregivers. Conclusion: Clinical nursing staff should address the gaps in meeting patients' needs, and eventually improve patients' quality of life.