Abstract: With the improvement of the medical skills, there is a growing public awareness of and interest in cancer prevention. Cancer risk assessment and genetic testing have been developed for decades in America and Europe. Depending on family cancer history, genetic testing and cancer genetics, oncology practitioners help high-risk individuals identify cancer risks and take effective strategies. It could be a good reference for Chinese nurses to integrate genetics and genomics in primary and secondary oncology nursing. It will also bring opportunities and challenges to the development of oncology nursing.