Abstract: Objective: To investigate the Operating Room (OR) nurses' awareness and behavioral intention of intravenous infusion, and analyze the related factors. Methods: Using convenient sampling method, 222 OR nurses from 222 hospitals of different levels were included in this study. A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the nurses' knowledge, behavioral intention and training needs of intravenous infusion. Results: The OR nurses' basic knowledge of intravenous infusion was in the medium level (53.3%). The nurses' infusion behavior intention was more positive (87.4%) than that of others (t=2.662, P=0.010), if there were regular training courses about intravenous infusion in their hospitals. Conclusion: The OR nurses' knowledge of intraoperative intravenous fluids was insufficient. Regular training was useful for improving their behavioral intention. Nursing educators and administrators should pay attention to the training of nurses' knowledge and concepts of intravenous infusion.