Abstract: Objective: To explore and understand the influence of head nurses' transformational leadership behaviors on ICU nurses' innovative efficacy. Methods: Totally 409 ICU nurses from three hospitals were selected to join the study, using the general information questionnaire, head nurses' transformational leadership behaviors scale and innovative efficacy scale for investigation. Results: The average score of transformational leadership behaviors scale was 99.49±18.52 points, the avarage score of ICU nurses' innovative efficacy was 71.23±15.61 points. ICU nurses' professional title an head nurses' transformational leadership behaviors scores were main influence factors of ICU nurses' innovative efficacy (P<0.05). Conclusion: Since transformational leadership behaviors could play a positive role in improving nurses' innovative efficacy, head nurses should properly adopt transformational leadership behaviors to arouse and promote the innovative efficacy of ICU nurses andimprove the quality of ICU nursing service.