Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the effect of self-management education among patients with heart transplantation during post-hospital rehabilitation process. Methods: Totally 30 patients were received self-management education and investigated using the Chronic Disease Management Self-efficacy Scale and Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaires(SF-36) before discharge, 3 months and 6months after discharge. Results:The scores of the two scales were significantly improved after 3 months and 6 months, and the score of SF-36 after 6 months was close to normal people. Conclusion: The patients after heart transplantation need self-management education. Self-management could help patients improve their self-efficacy and quality of life.