Abstract: Objective: This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and effect of telephone follow-up on transitional care of cancer patients with PICC. Methods: Totally 126 cancer patients were assigned into intervention group and control group by using blocked randomization with 63 patients in each group. Patients in control group received routine care,while those in experimental group were educated for PICC self-management using telephone follow-up in addition to routine care. Then the catheter complications, catheter self-management skills and patients' satisfaction towards PICC care were compared between the two groups one month and three months after the intervention respectively. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in terms of the incidence of catheter complications, self-management skills and satisfaction towards PICC care between the two groups before the intervention (P>0.05). After the intervention, the scores of catheter self-management skills and catheter caring satisfaction in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group both in one month and three months (P<0.05) . The incidence of complications including catheter phlebitis and catheter blockage in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group in three months (P<0.05).Conclusion: The standardized telephone follow-up played a significant role in PICC care of cancer patients, improved patients' PICC self-management abilities and satisfaction towards catheter care, and reduced the incidence of catheter complications. Therefore, it could protect the safety of patients with catheter, reflecting the continuity of our quality care.