Abstract: Objective: To analyze the causes of unplanned extubation. Methods: Sixty-three unplanned extubation reported during January 2012 to December 2014 at our hospital were collected and analyzed, patients' age and gender, professional title and working years of the duty nurse involved in unplanned extubation, the occurrence time and the clinical department distribution were all analyzed. Results: Male, elder and unconsciousness were the risk factor for unplanned exbubation, the incidents happened more frequently at night than in daytime, and more frequently in ICU and surgical department than others. The duty nurses were more likely to be the junior staffs (P<0.01) and within five working years (P<0.01). Conclusion: The unplanned extubation cause analysis can provide reference to patient safety management. It is very important to assess high-risk patients, strengthen the key links management, and improve the nurses' safety knowledge to reduce the unplanned extubation.