Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the effect of automatic control of tracheal tube cuff pressure on Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) prevention. Methods: We searched the Cochrane Library, Pubmed, EMBASE, CBM, VIP, CNKI and WANFANG database. We also searched the bibliographies of relevant papers and review literatures. The two independent reviewers searched and extracted literatures, captured citations, and assessed methodological quality of all included studies. RevMan 5.3 software was then used to perform Meta-analysis and sensitivity analysis. Results: A total of 5 RCT and 1 qRCT articles were recruited. Meta-analysis showed that compared to intermittent measure the cuff pressure of tracheal tube, automatic control cuff pressure could maintain the target pressure range to 20~30 cmH2O and decrease the incidence of abundant aspiration [RR=0.53, 95% CI (0.40, 0.69)], and VAP [RR=0.56, 95%CI (0.42, 0.75)]. However, no significant difference was found in mechanical ventilation duration [MD=-1.96, 95% CI (-5.82, 1.89)], ICU length of stay [MD=-1.22, 95% CI (-6.08,3.63)], and ICU mortality [RR=0.94, 95% CI (0.68, 1.28)]. Conclusions: Automatic control of tracheal tube cuff pressure could effectively maintain cuff pressure in proper range in order to reduce the incidence of abundant aspiration and VAP. However, there was no significant effect on duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU length of stay, and ICU mortality.