interRAI家庭照护评估工具在社区居家老年人综合评估与照护需求分析中的初步应用

interRAI家庭照护评估工具在社区居家老年人综合评估与照护需求分析中的初步应用

刘宇张素陈鹏冯冬梅田家利王秀英

北京大学护理学院（刘宇，田家利）；北京大学人民医院呼吸科（张素）；江苏省人民医院护理部（陈鹏）；四川大学华西医院老年医学中心（冯冬梅）；北京大学第一医院心内科（王秀英）

出版日期:2016-11-25 发布日期:2016-11-25

Application of interRAI HC to analyze health issues and related caring needs among Chinese community-dwelling elders

Online:2016-11-25 Published:2016-11-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的：使用interRAI 家庭照护评估工具分析社区居家老年人的健康状况与照护需求，同时验证该工具在我国老年人社区居家照护方面的可行性。方法：采用便利抽样方法抽取北京市西城区120 例接受居家照护服务的老年人，使用interRAI 家庭照护评估工具进行调查，并使用interRAI 家庭照护评估工具所对应的临床评估协议分析老年人面临的主要健康问题及照护需求，与目前接受的照护服务进行对比分析。结果：老年人存在的健康问题涉及生理、心理、社会等多维度。每位老人存在的问题数目从1 ～ 5 个不等，平均存在2 个问题，且随着年龄的增长（r s =0.45，P =0.03）、患有慢性病种类的增加（r s =0.34，P =0.04），老年人所伴有的健康问题也随之增多。老年人在心血管呼吸系统问题、疼痛、ADL 受限、非正式社会支持不足、压疮风险等问题所接受的服务率相对较高，均达到70% 以上；以健康促进不足、家庭环境优化、IADL 受限、尿失禁、营养不良、身体活动不足等问题所接受的服务率相对较低，均未达到40%。结论：interRAI 家庭照护评估工具可以从老年综合评估的角度发现老年人存在的需要重点关注和干预的问题，为社区居家照护服务提供了具体的干预方向。未来可以进一步尝试使用该工具，并对社区居家照护的效果进行动态监测。

Abstract: Objective: To analyze health issues and caring needs among Chinese community-dwelling elders in Beijing and to test the applicability of interRAI HC in home care of China. Methods: A convenient sampling was utilized to collect 120 community-dwelling elders in Beijing Xicheng district. InterRAI HC was used to collect data and the clinical assessment protocols were applied to analyze the health issues of elders. Health issues were then compared with the services they were provided. Results: The elders had health issues at physical, psychological, and social aspects. The average number of issues was 2 with the range of 1-5. As the elders aged (rs=0.45, P=0.03) and number of chronic illness increased (rs=0.34,P=0.04), the number of health issues were increased. The elders received higher rate (>70%) of services at the aspects of cardiorespiratory problems, pain, ADL, informal social support, and pressure ulcer.But they received lower rate (<40%)of services at the aspects of cardiorespiratory conditions, pain, ADL, informal aspect of prevention, home environment optimization, IADL, urinary incontinence, under-nutrition, and physical activity promotion. Conclusion: InterRAI HC can systemically assess the health issues among elderly and provide directions for further home care. InterRAI HC can also be utilized in the future to monitor the quality of home care for elders.

刘宇张素陈鹏冯冬梅田家利王秀英. interRAI家庭照护评估工具在社区居家老年人综合评估与照护需求分析中的初步应用[J]. , 2016, 16(11): 1448-1452.