In recent years, with growing demand for healthcare services, and shortages in nursing human resources, the advancement of digital-intelligent technologies has injected new momentum into the high-quality development of nursing. Although foreign countries have developed increasingly mature cultivation systems for nursing talents with digital-intelligent capability, China still faces multiple dilemmas including unclear educational objectives, underdeveloped training system, and the absence of a practical training framework. This study examines the current cultivation state of nursing talents with digital-intelligent capability domestically and internationally, analyzes the challenges in this field, and integrates societal development levels with public healthcare needs. It aims to provide future directions for the cultivation of nursing talents with digital-intelligent capability in China, thereby promoting the development of nursing discipline and ensuring the sustainable growth of professional nursing teams.

Objective: To enhance the health education capabilities of primary care nurses and evaluate its effectiveness, aiming to improve the health education skills of primary care nurses and promote the effective implementation of health education. Methods: This study selected 71 nurses from a county hospital in Shanxi province as the research subjects with convenience sampling method. The practice of enhancing health education capabilities of primary care nurses based on the IPO (Input-Process-Output) model was conducted from April to December 2023, comparing the health education capabilities and the implementation of health education before and after the intervention. Results: After the intervention, the health education capability score of the subjects was 217.35±28.93, significantly higher than before the intervention (203.83±37.48) (P<0.05); the rate of health education implementation increased significantly from 54.93% to 91.55% after the intervention (P<0.05). Conclusion: The practice of enhancing health education capabilities based on the IPO model can improve the health education skills of primary care nurses and promote the implementation of health education activities. It is an effective measure for implementing health assistance and a beneficial attempt to enhance the health education capabilities of primary care nurses.

Objective: To optimize a nurse hierarchical training platform through the analysis of learning behavior data, enhancing nurses' core competencies and training efficiency, and providing a more convenient and efficient training model for nursing teams. Methods: A nurse hierarchical training platform was developed, including four modules: business center, data statistics and visualization, user information management, and system settings. Nurses were categorized into different levels according to their competency, and the platform was used to implement the hierarchical training, learning behavior data were analyzed to optimize platform functions. The platform was applied in January 2023. Sixty nurses were selected by stratified random sampling. The course click rate, training completion rate, assessment pass rate, and core competencies before and after the platform optimization were compared, along with surveys on the satisfaction of managers and nurses after the system application. Results: After the system application, nurses showed significant improvements in course click rate, training completion rates and the assessment pass rate (P<0.05), the score of core competencies increased from 177.00±41.20 to 198.16±29.59 (P<0.05). Both manager satisfaction and nurse satisfaction were at a high level. Conclusion: The nurse hierarchical training platform based on learning behavior data analysis can effectively improve the training efficiency and core competencies of nurses, enhance training management efficiency, and achieve high nurse satisfaction. It provides a practical basis for the systematized, hierarchical, and informatized management of nurse hierarchical model.

Community health service, as a critical component of the primary healthcare system, relies heavily on community nurses as essential human resources. These nurses are responsible for delivering primary care and public health services throughout the entire life cycle and health continuum of individuals, families, and communities. The core competencies of community nurses directly determine the quality of community health services and serve as a cornerstone for maintaining the competitiveness and innovation capacity of the nursing profession. This paper reviews the development of the concept of nursing core competencies and provides an overview of domestic and international research on the core competencies of community nurses. The review aims to provide theoretical foundations for cultivating community nursing talents based on competency-oriented approaches in China.

Objective: To construct a post competency evaluation index system for nurses in elderly care center, in order to provide reference for the cultivation of elderly nursing talents. Methods: Based on related policy comments, literature review, semi-structured interviews, and two rounds of expert consultations from November to December 2024, this study systematically and comprehensively constructed the post competency evaluation index system for nurses in elderly care center in Beijing. Precedence chart method was used to calculate the weight of indicators at all levels. Results: The positive coefficients of the two rounds of consultation were 100%, and the authority coefficients were 0.942 and 0.954, respectively. The Kendall harmony coefficients for the three level indicators in the second round were 0.304, 0.307 and 0.284, respectively. Finally, the post competency evaluation index system of nurses in elderly care center was formed, including 4 first-level indicators, 21 second-level indicators and 64 third-level indicators. Conclusion: The competency evaluation index system can provide basis and guidance for the selection, training and performance appraisal of nurses in elderly care center.

With the expansion of nursing service to high-quality development, nurses' clinical thinking cultivation has emerged as a crucial element in enhancing nursing quality. This paper explores the importance of clinical thinking training, analyzes the optimization path of the current training system, and discusses the application value of Entrustable Professional Activities in fostering nurses' clinical thinking ability, in order to provide reference for the training of nursing talents.

Objective: To develop a Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) questionnaire for Catheter-Related Thrombosis prevention and treatment among nursing graduate students and to test its reliability and validity, to provide a basis for targeted prevention and control training. Methods: Based on the KAP theory, the questionnaire was developed through literature analysis, expert panel discussions, expert consultations, and pilot surveys. In June and July 2023, a convenience sampling method was used to select 363 and 384 nursing graduate students in the clinical practice phase from different tertiary general hospitals in Hunan province as research subjects. Item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and reliability testing were conducted. Results: The final questionnaire consists of 3 dimensions with a total of 55 items. The Kendall's coefficient of concordance for the two rounds was 0.175 and 0.252 (P<0.05). Exploratory factor analysis extracted 9 common factors, with the cumulative variance contribution rate of the three dimensions of knowledge, attitude, and practice ranging from 52.2% to 88.3%. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a good model fit, χ2/df=2.360, RMSEA=0.056, GFI=0.914, NFI=0.856, CFI=0.902, IFI=0.903, the AVE values for each dimension ranged from 0.536 to 0.824. The average content validity index was 0.913, and the item content validity index ranged from 0.800 to 1.000. The total Cronbach's α coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.944, the split-half reliability was 0.960, the test-retest reliability was 0.933, Conclusion: The KAP questionnaire for Catheter-Related Thrombosis prevention and treatment among nursing graduate students has good reliability and validity and is suitable for assessing the nursing graduate students Catheter-Related Thrombosis prevention and treatment.

Objective: To develop the supportive care needs scale for patients with immune thrombocytopenia and test its reliability and validity, so as to provide reference for the evaluation of care needs for patients with immune thrombocytopenia. Methods: Guided by the theory of supportive care needs, the pool of items of the scale was initially constructed through literature review and qualitative interview. Later the draft of the scale was formed by expert correspondence. A total of 418 patients were surveyed by online and offline questionnaires. Item analysis, reliability and validity test of the scale were carried out to determine the final draft of the scale. Results: Eventually 406 effective questionnaires were collected with the effective recovery rate being 97.13%. According to exploratory factor analysis, 5 factors were extracted with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 77.044%. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the χ2/df was 1.239, the root mean square error of approximation was 0.035, the normed fit index was 0.941, the incremental fit index was 0.988, the Tucker-Lewis index was 0.988, and the comparative fit index was 0.988. Besides, the total Cronbach's α coefficient of the scale was 0.954 with the split-half reliability being 0.825. And the retest reliability coefficient of 30 patients was 0.927 (P<0.001). The content validity of the total table was 0.974. The final scale contained 5 dimensions with 30 items. Conclusion: The preparation process of this scale is scientific and standardized, and the statistical results are in line with the measurement standards. Therefore, with good reliability and validity, the scale can be used as an effective tool for clinical staff to evaluate the care needs of patients with immune thrombocytopenia.

Objective: To analyze the effects of rehabilitation nursing based on the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) theoretical model in patients after cardiac pacemaker implantation, in order to improve the rehabilitation efficiency of patients. Methods: A total of 154 patients who underwent pacemaker implantation in a tertiary grade A hospital in Beijing from July 2023 to February 2024 were selected by using convenience sampling method. They were randomly assigned to either a control group (n=77) or an intervention group (n=77) using a random number table. The control group received routine nursing care, while the intervention group received 3-month rehabilitation nursing program based on HAPA theoretical model. The general self-efficacy scale, Modified Barthel Index for Activities of Daily Living and Shoulder Pain and Dysfunction Index were used to assess both groups before the intervention, and at 3 months and 6 months post-intervention respectively. Results: After 3 and 6 months of intervention, the intervention group showed significantly higher score (29.01±4.16 and 36.01±1.96) in general self-efficacy compared to the control group (26.93±3.30 and 28.14±4.14). The intervention group also showed significantly higher score (79.54±6.60 and 97.43±1.91) in daily living ability compared to the control group (65.42±9.20 and 84.52±6.07). Additionally, the intervention group had significantly lower scores with 39.91±3.58 and 4.00 (0, 14.00) on the shoulder joint pain and dysfunction index than the control group (70.13±15.98 and 43.30±10.28), the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Rehabilitation nursing based on HAPA theoretical model can enhance self-efficacy, promote living ability in patients after cardiac pacemaker implantation.

Objective: To translate the Measure of Moral Distress Healthcare Professionals (MMD-HP) and test the Chinese version of the MMD-HP, aiming to provide an evaluation tool for measure of moral distress for health-care professionals. Methods: A modified version of the Brislin translation model was used for cross-cultural adaption through expert consultation and pre-surveys. A total of 967 physicians and nurses were recruited using convenience sampling from September, 2023 to February, 2024 to test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of MMD-HP. Results: The Chinese version of MMD-HP contained 4 dimensions and 27 items with 9 items of system level, 6 items of the patient level, 5 items of the colleague-related team level, and 7 items of the patient-related team level. The exploratory factor analysis revealed 4 common factors with a cumulative variance contribution of 58.373%. The Cronbach's α coefficient of each dimension ranged from 0.759 to 0.891, the Cronbach's α coefficient of the total scale was 0.936, the re-test reliability was 0.811, and the index of content validity was 0.980. The criterion-related validity were 0.884 and 0.818 with the Chinese version of the Moral Dilemma Scale for adult unit nurses and the Chinese Version of the Revised Moral Distress Scale for paediatric nurses. Conclusion: The Chinese version of the MMD-HP demonstrates sound reliability and validity. It can be used for assessing the moral dilemmas of healthcare professionals in China.

Objective: To translate the Patient-reported Experience Measure-Cancer (PREM-C) into Chinese and to test its reliability and validity, aiming to provide a reliable tool for Chinese cancer patients to evaluate the quality of nursing services. Methods: The Brislin translation model was used to translate, back-translate, and culturally adapt the PREM-C, resulting in the Chinese test version of PREM-C. From July to September 2024, a convenience sample of 358 cancer inpatients from 3 tertiary grade A hospitals in Xuzhou were surveyed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. Results: The Chinese version of PREM-C included 25 items. Exploratory factor analysis extracted 5 common factors with a total variance contribution rate of 86.780%. The factor loadings of each item on its respective factor ranged from 0.599 to 0.887. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed χ2/df=2.976, GFI=0.774, CFI=0.942, IFI=0.943, TLI=0.934, RMSEA=0.097. The overall Cronbach's α coefficient of the PREM-C was 0.980, and the Cronbach's α coefficients for each dimension ranged from 0.943 to 0.977. The split-half reliability of the PREM-C was 0.925, and the test-retest reliability was 0.720. Conclusion: The Chinese version of PREM-C has good reliability and validity and can serve as an effective tool for evaluating the quality of cancer patient care.

Objective: To translate the Secondary Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (SPTGI) into Chinese and test its reliability and validity among clinical nurses, providing a reliable tool for assessing secondary posttraumatic growth in nurses in China. Methods: The SPTGI was adapted to Chinese through forward translation, back translation, cultural adaptation, and pre-testing, according to the Brislin translation model. A total of 543 clinical nurses from a tertiary grade A hospital in Anhui province were investigated using convenience sampling method from November 2023 to August 2024. Item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and reliability testing were conducted. Results: The Chinese version of the SPTGI included four dimensions with 12 items. The content validity index for the scale was 0.833, with item-specific content validity indices ranging from 0.750-1.000. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a four-factor structure, explaining 77.490% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a good model fit. The Cronbach’s α coefficient for the entire scale was 0.899, and the Cronbach’s α coefficient for each dimensions was 0.793-0.881. Test-retest reliability for the total scale was 0.883. Conclusion: The Chinese version of the SPTGI demonstrates strong reliability and validity among clinical nurses and can serve as an effective tool to evaluate the secondary posttraumatic growth of clinical nurses in China.

Objective: To construct a contemporaneous network of multidimensional symptoms, identify symptom clusters and bridging symptoms in Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device (CIED) recipients during the peri-discharge period, and thereby provide evidence for discharge planning and follow-up care for CIED patients. Methods: A total of 232 patients who underwent CIED implantation in the arrhythmia specialty ward of a tertiary grade A hospital in Beijing from May to December 2024 were enrolled as study participants using a consecutive convenience sampling method. Factor analysis was employed to identify symptom clusters, and a co-occurrence network was established using R software to visualize symptom interrelationships and calculate centrality metrics. Results: Four symptom clusters were identified: circulatory disorder cluster, gastrointestinal-emotional disorder cluster, neurological-cognitive disorder cluster, and sleep disorder cluster. The highest symptom of bridge strength centrality was difficulty in falling asleep (rbS=1.201), and the highest symptom of bridge closeness centrality (rbC=0.098) and bridge betweenness centrality (rbB=21) was tiredness. Conclusion: Difficulty falling asleep and tiredness emerge as critical bridging symptoms, connecting multiple symptoms and clusters. These findings highlight their significance as intervention targets for discharge plan in CIED patients.

Objective: To gain a deeper understanding of the true experience of self-regulated fatigue in older stroke patients during self-management. Methods: Using phenomenological research methods and purposive sampling, semi-structured interviews were conducted on 16 elderly stroke patients from March to May 2024. Nvivo 12.0 software and Colaizzi seven step analysis method were used to organize and analyze the interview data. Results: Four themes and 12 sub-themes were extracted, including self-regulated fatigue performance process, acute phase self-regulated fatigue sources, recovery phase self-regulated fatigue sources, and sequelae phase self-regulated fatigue sources. Conclusion: The manifestation of self-regulated fatigue in older stroke patients is multidimensional and gradually increases in severity. There are differences in the sources of self-regulated fatigue in the acute, recovery, and sequelae stages of the disease. Medical staff should dynamically pay attention to the status of self-regulated fatigue in older stroke patients at each stage, take targeted measures, maintain the balance of patients' psychological resources, and improve their self-management ability.

Objective: To classify the developmental trajectory of maternal antenatal attachment among pregnant women with Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) and to identify the influencing factors, aiming to provide references for developing related interventions. Methods: From August to December 2023, a convenience sampling of 280 pregnant women with ART who were attending the obstetrics clinic of a tertiary grade A hospital in Nanjing was recruited. The Maternal Antenatal Attachment Scale was employed to assess the level of maternal antenatal attachment at gestational ages of 10-14, 22-26, and 34-38 weeks. The latent growth mixture modeling and unordered multinomial Logistic regression were utilized for data processing. Results: Totally 256 participants completed the survey. The developmental trajectories of maternal antenatal attachment was divided into three categories, namely the medium attachment-rising type (65.2%), the low attachment-sustained type (7.8%), and the high attachment-stable type (27.0%). Influencing factors included gravidity, history of adverse pregnancy, infertility causes, and primary sources of motivation for fertility (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The trajectories of maternal antenatal attachment among pregnant women with ART exhibit heterogeneity. It is recommended that medical staff develop targeted intervention measures based on the specific influencing factors associated with different latent subgroups. This approach may serve to enhance the level of maternal antenatal attachment level of pregnant women with ART, improve the quality of pregnancy, and promote the health of both the mother and the child.

Objective: To classify the development trajectory of functional exercise compliance during rehabilitation training for stroke patients with hemiplegia and to identify the influencing factors. Methods: Convenience sampling was used to recruit 210 patients with hemiplegia due to stroke admitted to a tertiary grade A hospital in Ganzhou from January 2022 to January 2024. Functional exercise compliance at the 1st, 6th, 12th, 20th, and 24th week of rehabilitation training were evaluated. The latent growth mixture model and disordered multinomial Logistic regression were utilized for data processing. Results: The development trajectories of functional exercise compliance during rehabilitation training in 210 stroke patients with hemiplegia were divided into four categories: 56 cases (26.7%) of low compliance stable type, 42 cases (20.0%) of low compliance rise type, 64 cases (30.5%) of moderate compliance decline type, and 48 cases (22.8%) of moderate compliance rise type. The results of disordered multinomial Logistic regression analysis showed that age, stroke knowledge, degree of neurological dysfunction, self-efficacy, psychological resilience, and family care level were the influencing factors for different development trajectories of functional exercise compliance (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The compliance development trajectories with rehabilitation training for stroke hemiplegic patients varies. Medical staff should develop corresponding nursing plans based on different influencing factors to improve patients' exercise compliance.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the methodological quality and measurement properties of sexual health assessment tools for patients with gynecologic cancer, providing a basis for selecting appropriate tools for healthcare professionals. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in multiple databases up to March 16, 2025. Tools were evaluated using the COSMIN criteria to form recommendations. Results: Twenty studies were included, covering 11 sexual health assessment tools. The Quality of Life Questionnaire Cervical Cancer Module, Quality of Life Questionnaire Endometrial Cancer Module, and Sexual Well-being after Cervical or Endometrial cancer met the criteria for content validity and internal consistency, receiving grade A recommendations. Two tools were rated as grade C due to insufficient internal consistency or hypothesis testing. The remaining six tools were rated as grade B due to limited evidence for content validity or internal consistency. Conclusion: The Quality of Life Questionnaire Cervical Cancer Module and the Quality of Life Questionnaire Endometrial Cancer Module focus on assessing quality of life, while the Sexual Well-being after Cervical or Endometrial cancer comprehensively evaluates sexual health. However, its applicability in China requires further validation.

Objective: To systematically evaluate and integrate the experiences of patients with Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) and their caregivers participating in the whole care, so as to provide a reference for formulating a whole care management plan for those patients and their caregivers. Methods: Qualitative studies related to the whole care experience of LVAD patients and their caregivers were retrieved from the Chinese and English databases from their inception to October 31, 2024. The 2016th edition of evaluation criteria for qualitative research on evidence-based health care issued by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the included literature, and the pooled integration method was used to integrate the results. Results: A total of 14 articles were included, and 48 research results were extracted and integrated into 9 new categories, including 3 integrated results: complex decision-making background and underestimated care burden, great care dilemmas and social pressures, and diversified social support and needs. Conclusion: Medical staff should pay attention to the psychosocial changes and care experience of LVAD patients and their caregivers, improve disease cognition, strengthen continuous nursing management, improve social support system, and meet diversified care needs.

Objective: To integrate the social alienation experience of adolescents and young adults with cancer, to provide reference for the promotion of social adaptation among those patients. Methods: Qualitative studies on the experience of social alienation among adolescents and young adults with cancer in Chinese and English databases were searched from inception to June 25, 2024. The quality of the included literature was evaluated and the results were summarized using Meta-integration methods. Results: A total of 15 studies were included to extract 55 findings, which were finally summarized into 12 categories to form 4 synthesized results: multidimensional representation of social alienation; internal triggers; dual isolation of the exterior; inside-out coping mechanisms. Conclusion: Healthcare professionals should strengthen disease management and psychological counseling for this group of cancer patients based on understanding the manifestations and causes of social alienation in this group. Furthermore, the society is supposed to provide more tolerance, understanding, and support to these patients, for whom family and peer support are key to promote their social integration at the same time.

Objective: To identify the key barriers to effective lipid management in breast cancer patients in order to inform developing targeted strategies, and ultimately enhancing lipid management practices. Methods: A descriptive qualitative design was employed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with breast cancer patients and healthcare professionals, using an interview guide informed by the updated Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Data were analyzed through content analysis to extract key themes. Results: A total of 16 breast cancer patients and 11 healthcare professionals participated in the study. Eleven primary barriers to lipid management for breast cancer patients were identified. Innovation-related barriers included the complexity of evidence-based practices and the limited trialability of lipid management interventions. Internal barriers encompassed inadequate prioritization of lipid management in hospitals, restricted access to knowledge and information, and the absence of lipid management networks and limited lipid management resources in specialized hospitals. External barriers included insufficient inter-hospital collaboration and communication. Individual-level barriers were characterized by patients' low awareness of lipid management, as well as limited opportunities, motivation, and capability for self-management. Conclusion: Lipid management in breast cancer patients remains underemphasized, with obstacles observed across diagnostic, therapeutic, nursing, and self-management domains. To address these challenges, medical institutions should promote interdisciplinary and inter-hospital collaboration, standardize lipid management protocols, and enhance resource allocation to provide tailored, patient-centered lipid management guidance.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the efficacy of fan therapy in alleviating dyspnea among patients, in order to provide evidence-based basis for nursing staff to apply the therapy for the management of respiratory distress symptoms. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple Chinese and English databases, covering studies from inception to December 31, 2024. Randomized Controlled Trials evaluating the effectiveness of fan therapy for reducing dyspnea were included. Two researchers, trained in evidence-based practices, independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed study quality. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. Results: Fourteen studies involving 337 dyspneic patients were included. Fan therapy significantly improved in dyspnea among patients with cancer [SMD=-1.43, 95%CI (-2.61, -0.26)] and pulmonary diseases [SMD=-0.41, 95%CI (-0.78, -0.04)]. Notably, fan therapy showed superior efficacy compared to alternative interventions, such as blowing on the legs [SMD= -1.53, 95%CI (-2.84, -0.21)] and blank control [SMD=-0.50, 95%CI (-0.97, -0.04)], particularly when directed at the patients' facial region. However, no significant effects were observed on patients' self-efficacy [SMD=-0.24, 95% CI (-0.62, 0.13)] or the 6-minute walk test [SMD=-24.31, 95%CI (-71.86, 23.25)]. Conclusion: Fan therapy can effectively relieve the dyspnea symptoms of patients, but has no effect on the self-efficacy and activity of patients.

Objective: To gain an in-depth understanding of the benefit-finding experiences of patients with diabetic foot ulcers based on the cognitive adaptation theory to provide a reference for the promotion of patients' mental health. Methods: Purposive sampling was used to select 14 patients with diabetic foot ulcers who attended a tertiary grade A hospital in Beijing from May 2023 to May 2024. Then semi-structured interviews were conducted to analyse and refine the themes using the Colaizzi 7-step analysis. Results: The interview data were collated, analysed and summarised to extract three themes and six sub-themes, i.e., exploring meaning (reflecting on recognising the disease, longing to return to normal life), gaining a sense of control (self-adjustment to maintain physical and mental balance, repeated groping for disease management), and self-enhancement (positive mindset leads to life transformation, confidence enhancement for future life planning). Conclusion: Patients with diabetic foot ulcers have multiple benefit-finding experiences. Therefore, healthcare professionals should pay attention to their benefit-finding experiences, strengthen the health education of the disease to reshape their disease cognition and help them better accept and cope with the disease, so as to promote the treatment and rehabilitation of the disease and enhance patients' physical and mental health.

Objective: To investigate the current status of emotional regulation among adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM), examine its relationship with glycemic management, and analyze the mediating effects of diabetes distress, thereby exploring novel strategies to improve blood glucose management in adolescents. Methods: A total of 206 adolescents aged 13-17 years old with T1DM were selected as study participants through convenience sampling from the outpatient follow-up or inpatient department of a pediatric hospital in Beijing for November, 2023 to August, 2024. Data on their most recent glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were collected. The study utilized the Brief Version of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, the Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale-5, and a general information questionnaire for data collection. Structural equation modeling was employed to analyze the relationships among the relevant variables. Results: The mean HbA1c level of the T1DM adolescents in the study was (7.69±1.14)%. The mean scores for emotional regulation difficulties and diabetes distress were (38.16±12.71) and (5.60±2.92), respectively. Meanwhile, participants' emotional regulation ability was found to be at a moderate level with only 4.4% of them reporting no diabetes distress. The structural equation model showed good fit, indicating that emotional regulation difficulties had both direct and indirect positive effects on diabetes distress and HbA1c levels (β=0.363, 0.032, P<0.01). Additionally, emotional regulation difficulties had an indirect negative effect on patients' dietary and exercise behaviors (β=-0.124, -0.083, P<0.01). Conclusion: Emotional regulation can influence glycemic management in adolescents with T1DM through the mediating effect of diabetes distress. Family-based emotional regulation interventions may be a promising approach to improve glycemic management in those young patients.

Objective: To construct a self-management program for pregnant women with gestational diabetes based on the interaction model of client health behavior and evaluate its effects in clinical practice. Methods: A self-management scheme for pregnant women with gestational diabetes was established according to the interaction model of client health behavior through literature review and Delphi expert consultation method. Pregnant women with gestational diabetes in the obstetric outpatient department of a tertiary grade A hospital in Hebei province from August 2023 to March 2024 were selected as research objects and randomly divided into the experimental group (n=38) and the control group (n=37). The experimental group was treated with nursing intervention based on the interaction model of client health behavior, while the control group received routine nursing intervention. Patients' blood glucose level, self-efficacy, self-management ability, quality of life and pregnancy outcomes were compared between the two groups. Results: After intervention, objects' fasting blood glucose (4.67±0.45) mmol/L and 2 h postprandial blood glucose (6.44±0.95) mmol/L of the experimental group were lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). After intervention, the scores of self-efficacy, self-management ability and quality of life in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). After intervention, the outcomes of the intervention group were better than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Nursing intervention based on the interaction model of client health behavior can reduce the blood glucose level of pregnant women with gestational diabetes and improve their self-efficacy, self-management ability and quality of life to finally ameliorate their pregnancy outcomes.

Objective: To analyze the decision-making process of health behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using bounded rationality decision theory, and to provide a reference for improving health behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: A purposive sampling method was used to conduct semi-structured interviews with 17 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a tertiary grade A hospital and community medical center in Lanzhou from May to October 2023. The themes were summarized and distilled by deductive content analysis. Results: A model of decision-making bias in health behavior of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients was developed, which included 4 periods of information reception, option analysis, option selection and outcome evaluation, 9 types of decision-making bias in health behavior, and 14 types of manifestations of decision-making bias affecting health behavior. Conclusion: Decision-making of health behaviors in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients is a multifactorial process. It is recommended that healthcare professionals reconstruct correct health information during the information reception period, overcome misinformation interference during the option analysis period, facilitate health option selection during the option selection period, and quantify decision evaluation criteria during the outcome evaluation period.

Objective: To analyzed the current status of responsibility sharing for health management among adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) and its associations with self-management behaviors and glycemic control, aiming to provide references for developing personalized family interventions and optimize the health management models. Methods: A convenience sampling method was employed to select 190 adolescents with T1DM attending routine follow-ups at two tertiary hospitals in Wenzhou and Suzhou from January to September, 2024. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, the Diabetes Family Responsibility Questionnaire, and the Diabetes Self-care Activities scale. Stratified regression analysis was conducted to examine the impact of responsibility sharing on self-management behaviors and glycemic control levels. Results: In the health management of adolescents with T1DM, parental responsibility accounted for the highest proportion, at 42% (21%, 59%) of total responsibility. Regression analysis results revealed that, after controlling for demographic variables, shared responsibility independently explained 16.4% of the variance in patients' self-management behaviors and 5.3% of the variance in glycemic control. Parental responsibility independently explained 9.2% of the variance in self-management behaviors and 3.4% of the variance in glycemic control. Conclusion: The level of responsibility sharing in health management between adolescents with T1DM and their parents require enhancement. Optimizing the responsibility-sharing model may promote self-management behaviors and glycemic outcomes.

Objective: To construct a Clinical Decision Support System for assessing and preventing Pressure Injury (PI) in hospitalized children and evaluate its effectiveness, assisting nurses with clinical decision-making, reducing PI incidence. Methods: We designed human-computer interaction rules, and developed a Clinical Decision Support System for PI assessment and prevention based on evidence. This system enables dynamic risk assessment, real-time warnings, intervention recommendations, and continuous monitoring and analysis. The system was formally applied in a tertiary grade A comprehensive pediatric hospital in Beijing in March 2024. We compared the timeliness rate of 2-hour assessments, the accuracy rate of assessment accuracy, and PI incidence of hospitalized children before and after the application of the system, and the satisfaction of nurses with the system was assessed. Results: Following system implementation, the timeliness rate of the 2-hour assessments was increased from 82.5% to 91.2%, the accuracy rate of PI assessment was increased from 89.7% to 93.8%, and the PI incidence was decreased from 3.60% to 0.91%, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The nurses expressed high satisfaction with the system, with an overall satisfaction score of 93.79±17.71. Conclusion: The construction and application of the system provide a scientific basis for nursing make decision-making, aid in the prevention and management of PI, improve nursing quality and nurse work efficiency.

Objective: To develop a structured catheter care documentation system integrated with intelligent decision support functions, aiming to enhance the standardization and accuracy of nursing records, improve the quality of nursing documentation, and increase the value of data utilization. Methods: A structured catheter care documentation knowledge base was built, encompassing the full management process of gastric tubes, urinary catheters, central venous catheters, peripherally inserted central catheters, and endotracheal tubes. The system was implemented across 15 departments in a tertiary grade A hospital in Beijing from June to December 2024. Experts were invited to evaluate the system's content, and a survey was conducted to assess the system's usage rate, acceptability, and the detection accuracy of the unplanned extubation monitoring platform. Results: The average expert evaluation score for the objectivity, accuracy, standardization, and importance of catheter care documentation was 4.83±0.21. The system usage rate was 94.50%. In the system acceptability survey, the average score of all items was 4.39±0.75 or higher, with a satisfaction rate of 90%. The detection accuracy of the monitoring platform increased from 1.73% to 6.30%, with significant differences (P<0.05). Conclusion: Nurses show high acceptability of the structured catheter care documentation system. The system significantly improve the standardization and quality of nursing records, optimize decision support capabilities, and demonstrate good potential for broader application. It plays an important role in improving nursing quality.

This paper conducts a comprehensive and systematic review of the current situation and assessment instruments for the informal care costs for elderly people with dementia, both domestically and internationally. It analyzes the challenges faced by informal care cost assessment of elderly people with dementia in China and puts forward scientific and reasonable suggestions. This paper can provide a reference for the establishment of a cost assessment tool for informal care of dementia elderly, and the development of an informal care cost management model, so as to promote sustainable development of informal care for elderly people with dementia in China.

Objective: To investigate the current status of passive surgical instrument allocation and management in hospitals in China and provide a reference for developing standardized surgical instrument management protocols. Methods: From April to May 2024, a cross-sectional survey using convenience sampling was conducted covering 1343 hospitals across 28 provinces. The questionnaire assessed various aspects of passive surgical instrument management. Results: The average number of passive conventional and passive endoscopic surgical instruments sets per hospital was 50 (23,120) and 10 (5,25), respectively. The operating room was the primary department responsible for managing passive conventional surgical instruments and passive endoscopic surgical instruments. The Central Sterile Supply Department handled cleaning, disinfection, sterilization, maintenance, and inspecting of passive surgical instruments. A total of 483 (35.96%) hospitals had never conducted a comprehensive system inspection of passive surgical instruments, 584 (43.48%) hospitals regularly scrap passive surgical instruments, 1176 (87.57%) hospitals had an adverse event reporting system for passive surgical instrument. Conclusion: There is a lack of standardized guidelines for the maintenance, testing, and disposal of passive surgical instruments, and their management required further improvement. It is suggested to establish and promote standardized guidelines for the allocation and management of passive surgical instruments to achieve more precise and effective instruments management.