Objective: To construct and promote the three-way linkage and continuous care model for chronic diseases, and to provide a basis for the formulation of relevant policies for chronic disease prevention and control. Methods: Based on WHO's innovative nursing model for chronic diseases, a three-way linkage and continuous nursing model of "hospital, community and family" was constructed with "hospital, community and family" as the three interfaces and "information, management and relationship" as the core elements. Innovative promotion mechanisms such as "high-quality nursing resources radiating to the grassroots, case management, Internet + nursing services, and chronic health science popularization" have been put forward to break the operation barriers of the model. Based on "structure-process-outcome", an evaluation index system for the quality of continuous care for stroke patients was established to provide an evaluation tool for the effective implementation of standardized continuous care for chronic diseases. Results: Through the operation of the model, it guided the formulation of policies such as the sinking of high quality nursing resources, multi-point practice of nurses, construction of community nursing centers and popularization of science into the evaluation of professional titles, optimized the allocation of medical resources and enhanced the ability of community nursing service. It also improved the health outcome and self-management ability of chronic disease patients. Conclusion: The construction and operation of the "hospital-community-family" three-way linkage and continuous care model for chronic diseases plays an important role in guiding the formulation of chronic disease policies, optimizing the allocation of medical resources, improving community nursing capacity and improving the health outcomes of patients, etc. The government, hospitals, communities, families and patients need to work together to truly achieve continuous and whole-process care for patients after discharge.

Objective: To construct the traditional Chinese medicine four-in-one chronic disease management model of "prevention and treatment" guided by the theory of preventive treatment, so as to provide a referece for the promotion of traditional Chinese medicine non-pharmacological therapy. Methods: We built a characteristic diagnosis and treatment center for non-pharmacological therapy of traditional Chinese medicine, developed an information management platform for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic diseases of traditional Chinese medicine, formulated standardized plans on chronic diseases of non-pharmacological therapy of traditional Chinese medicine, and constructed a model for chronic diseases management of traditional Chinese medicine. The model was implemented by "online+offline" interaction and a "clinic+inpatient" linkage network, as well as the centralized management mode supplemented by satellite mode. Results: The patient's medical treatment satisfaction rate was 97.63%. The number of outpatient receptions increased year by year. By 2023, the service volume reached an average of 640000 person-times per year, and 178456 health records of patients with chronic diseases were established. Conclusion: The four-in-one traditional Chinese medicine chronic disease management model of "prevention and rehabilitation" provides patients with comprehensive and personalized medical services, improves patients' medical experience, and enhances patients' satisfaction rate.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of chronic disease management with tertiary grade A hospital nurses providing service at community health service centers, so as to provide reference for promoting the sinking of high-quality nursing resources. Methods: A tertiary grade A hospital in Hefei selected nurses to work in four community service centers affiliated with a medical consortium. A "1+1+1+N" management team model was implemented for chronic disease management, and specialist nursing clinics were opened to standardize the management of patients with hypertension, diabetes and stroke. Totally 513 patients who were first filed after the opening of specialist nursing clinics were selected, and the blood pressure control, blood glucose control, quality of life, self-management behavior, self-efficacy and patient satisfaction rates were compared before and after the implementation. Results: After the involvement of tertiary grade A hospital nurses, improvements were observed in blood pressure and blood glucose control rates, quality of life, self-management behaviors, self-efficacy and patient satisfaction, the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The practice of tertiary grade A hospital nurses providing chronic disease management service in community health service centers can enhance the quality of chronic disease management, improve patients' quality of life and self-efficacy.

Objective: To construct a chronic disease community nursing model in Shanghai, explore the development path of homogeneous nursing in Shanghai community health service centers, in order to improve the nursing quality of chronic disease in the community. Methods: A three-dimensional linkage integrated sharing platform was constructed to train the community nurses with multi-skills. The role of community nurse for chronic diseases was clarified by qualitative research and other methods. The training results of nurses with multi-skills and the effectiveness of community nursing practice for chronic diseases were evaluated. Results: Community health service centers have been in long-term and orderly connection with higher-level medical institutions. By the end of 2023, a total of 4435 multi-skilled community nurses have been trained, and 137 (55.5%) community health service centers have opened 337 specialized nursing clinics. The ability of community nurses to care for chronic diseases has been improved. From January to December 2023, 1.512 million patients in Shanghai received homogeneous specialized nursing services at community health service centers, and the continuous care needs of chronic disease patients have been met to a certain extent. Conclusion: The application of community nursing model for chronic disease in Shanghai has enhanced the specialized nursing abilities of community nurses, promoted the standardization of chronic disease nursing practices, and enabled community residents to enjoy effective, convenient, and high-quality continuous nursing.

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence and digital technology, digital technology has gradually been applied to the full course management of chronic disease patients, and chronic disease management has become digitalized. This article focused on "Internet +" chronic disease management, systematically sorted out the policies and research, developed the multidisciplinary and full-cycle model of chronic disease management, and analyzed the challenges and and coping strategies faced by "Internet+" chronic disease management, to provide reference for the development of the "Internet +" chronic disease health management model.

Objective: To investigate the status quo of head nurses' leadership practices and analyze its influencing factors, so as to provide scientific basis for improving the leadership of head nurses. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 2486 nurses selected from 4 teritary hospitals in Beijing, Shanxi and Ningxia using convenience sampling during May 2024 to investigate the leadership practice and empowering behavioral of head nurses and teamwork among nurses in their departments. Multiple linear regression was employed to analyze the influencing factors of head nurses' leadership practice. Results: The average score obtained utilizing the Leadership Practice Inventory was 9.17±1.39, and the score of each dimension from high to low were Model the Way, Enable Others to Act, Encourage the Heart, Challenge the Process and Inspire a Shared Vision. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that different types of hospitals, empowerment behaviors and teamwork were the main influencing factors of head nurses' leadership practices, which accounted for 77.4% of the total variation (P<0.001). Conclusion: The leadership practices of head nurses is at a relative high level, however, they need to work harder in terms of Challenging the Process and Inspiring a Shared Vision. Head nurses can improve their leadership by increasing empowerment behaviors and prompting teamwork.

Objective: To develop a leadership training program for nursing teachers with dual roles. Methods: Based on Distributed Leadership Theory, we developed the draft of the leadership training program through literature review, semi-structured interviews, and group discussions. The Delphi method was used to conduct two rounds of consultation with 29 experts for the developed program. Results: The recovery rate of the 2 rounds of expert consultation was 100%, and the authority coefficient of the experts in the 2nd round of consultation was 0.859. The Kendall's harmony coefficients of the experts' opinions on the training module, the training course, and the training contents were 0.305, 0.307, and 0.303 (P<0.001). The final training program included 3 major training modules, 10 training courses, and 42 training contents. Conclusion: The leadership training program for teachers with dual roles is scientific and reliable, and provides a reference for the cultivation of teachers with dual roles in nursing.

Objective: To explore the chain mediating effect of frailty and depression between dysfunction and pain catastrophizing in older patients with chronic low back pain. Methods: The study used a cross-sectional study design. A total of 253 older patients with chronic low back pain were recruited by convenience sampling in tertiary grade A hospital in Shanghai from February 2023 to November 2023. Patients were investigated by the Oswestry Disability Index, the FRAIL Frailty Scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and the Pain Catastrophizing Scale. The Process3.3 macro program was used to analyze the chain mediating effect of frailty and depression between patient dysfunction and pain catastrophizing. The Amos 28.0 was used to construct a structural equation model. Results: Disability index, frailty, depression and pain catastrophizing scores were positively correlated (r was from 0.496 to 0.741, P<0.01). Disability index had a positive effect on frailty (β=0.496, P<0.001). Disability index and frailty had a positive impact on depression (β=0.508 and 0.355, P<0.001). Disability index, frailty and depression had positive effects on pain catastrophizing (β=0.355, 0.244 and 0.351, P<0.001). The direct effect of disability index on pain catastrophizing was 0.330, accounting for 49.1% of the total effects. The total indirect effect of frailty and depression between disability and pain catastrophizing was 0.342, accounting for 50.9% of the total effects. The indirect effects of the frailty between dysfunction and pain catastrophizing, the depression between dysfunction and pain catastrophizing, and the frailty and depression between dysfunction and pain catastrophizing were 0.114, 0.169, and 0.059, respectively. Conclusion: The dysfunction of older patients with chronic low back pain can not only directly affect pain catastrophizing, but also indirectly affect pain catastrophizing through the mediating effect of frailty, depression, and the chain mediating effect of frailty and depression.

Objective: To investigate the current status of fear of progression of caregivers whose children have received liver transplantation and analyze the influencing factors, to provide a basis for offering personalized health management. Methods: From October 2023 to February 2024, 334 pediatric caregivers of children both before and after liver transplantation were selected, and surveyed using a general information questionnaire, Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form/Parents, Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, and Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire. Results: The total score of fear of progression in pediatric caregivers of children with liver transplantation was 48.16±8.87. Moreover, according to multiple regression analysis, illness perception and submissive coping modes were influential factors of fear of progression in pediatric caregivers of children undergoing liver transplantation. Conclusion: Pediatric caregivers of patients receiving liver transplant have not only a high level of fear of progression, but also negative thoughts about the disease progression, and their medical coping modes need to be strengthened. Therefore, healthcare workers should pay attention to the negative thoughts of these caregivers and encourage positive coping among them in order to reduce their fear.

Objective: To investigate the current status of long-term care services for elderly population at institutional and home-based service. Methods: A cross-sectional study method was performed to observe and record all the elderly beneficiaries of Long-Term Care insurance who accepted institutional and home care services from 1 June 2023 for 1 month in Qingdao. Descriptive statistics method were applied to analyze Barthel Index, care issues and care services. Correlation analyse was conducted between the care workload and Barthel Index. Results: A total of 635 cases of disabled elderly were included, including 436 cases of institutional care and 199 cases of home care. There were 218 (34.3%) males and 417 (65.7%) females. Institutional care services covered medical care, daily living care, functional maintenance, assistive services and health education. The nursing workload was negatively correlated with Barthel Index (r=-0.782, P<0.001). Home care focused on simple and easy-to-use medical care measures and health education services. The workload was not correlated with Barthel Index (r=0.113, P=0.702). Conclusion: There are differences in the care service content and care workload provided to the disabled elderly between institutional care and home care. The psychological care services are insufficient, especially in the case of home care. Institutional and home care should provide high-quality medical and daily living care, pay attention to the psychological condition of the elderly, and accurately match the diversified health care needs of the elderly in order to enhance the quality and level of long-term care services.

Objective: To establish a paperless quality control system for nursing records based on High Reliability Organization Theory and evaluate its usability. Methods: Since February 2023, a paperless quality control system for nursing records was implemented. Information technology was employed for nursing record generation, quality control, submission, and archiving processes. The quality of nursing records, time consumed for quality control, nurse satisfaction, printer maintenance, and consumable expenditure rates were compared before and after system implementation over a period of six months. Results: The overall quality of nursing records and nurse satisfaction improved (P<0.05), while the time consumed for quality control, printer maintenance, and consumable expenditure rates decreased. Conclusion: The paperless quality control system for nursing records, based on the High Reliability Organization Theory, focuses on process control and data flow, enhance nursing work efficiency and improve the quality of final nursing records. This system can promote the scientific, standardized, and efficient management of clinical nursing records.

Objective: To construct a training programme using electronic schoolbag combined with Virtual Reality (VR) technology for newly recruited nurses based on the ADDIE model and explore its primary effects in improving training of new nurses to strengthen their clinical skills and adaptability. Methods: We designed a nurse training programme according the ADDIE model with electronic schoolbag for theory training and a VR-based self-developed software for skills training. From July 2022 to August 2023, 126 new nurses recruited in a Qingdao tertiary grade A hospital were selected as participants. They were randomly assigned to either the experimental or the control group using a random number table. After completing the standard primary pre-service training, the experimental group received the new training programme, while the control group underwent the routine training for new nurses. The intervention lasted for 12 months with rotations in two specialized departments and indicators including the Mini-Clinical Evaluation Exercise (Mini-CEX) scores, the transition shock scores of graduated nurses scales and nurses' satisfaction to training programme were collected and compared before intervention, 6 months and 12 months after intervention Results: After 12 months of intervention, all of the 126 new nurses successfully completed the training. The results revealed statistically significant differences between the groups at different time, and interaction effects in terms of transition shock experienced by the new nurses (P<0.05). Additionally, the experimental group outperformed the control group in terms of Mini-CEX assessment and training satisfaction (P<0.05). Conclusion: The utilization of ADDIE model-based training for new nurses employing electronic schoolbag combined with VR technology has shown significant potential in enhancing the comprehensive clinical competence of new nurses. Besides, this approach also helps to reduce the transition shock experienced by new nurses and increases their overall satisfaction with the training process.

Objective: To investigate the running status of medical caregiver training bases in Jiangsu province. Methods: In February 2024, a self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the running status of 26 medical caregiver training bases among the heads of the bases. Results: The institutions that obtained training qualifications were medical institutions (69.2%), vocational colleges (11.5%), nursing societies (15.4%), and social institutions (3.8%). There was no statistical difference in resource management among various institutions (P>0.05), but there were differences in hierarchical training management (P<0.05). Conclusion: The overall running status of medical caregiver training bases in Jiangsu Province is relatively good. However, the hierarchical training management and the improvement of the teacher certification need to be further strengthened. An informatization management platform should be established in future to continuously supervise the training process, provide timely follow-up support for training, and improve the efficiency of medical caregiver training.

In recent years, caring leadership has become a hot topic in leadership studies. It is a leadership style that offers care, support, and motivation to employees. It has proven effective in significantly reducing the job burnout among nurses and playing a positive role in improving the satisfaction as well as the quality of nursing care. This paper reviews the concept of caring leadership, theory development, assessment instruments, influencing factors, functional efficacy, and training strategies, to provide a reference for the research and practice of caring leadership in nursing management.

This review summarized the development of infection control nurse training programs from the aspects of training forms, contents and methods, assessment and qualification. The training programs for infection control nurses in China are still at the early stage, which need to be improved. It is expected to enhance the training programs of infection control for nurses based on the previous experience to create a scientific and standardized training system that is suitable for our country.

Objective: To summarize the evidence for the prevention and management of enteral nutrition-related vomitting in patients with mechanical ventilation, so as to provide guidance for clinical nursing practice. Methods: Based on the methods of evidence-based nursing, clinical questions about the prevention and management of enteral nutrition-related vomitting in patients with mechanical ventilation were raised. According to the 6S evidence pyramid model, literatures on the prevention and management of enteral nutrition-related vomitting in hospitalized patients were retrieved from relevant websites and databases both at home and abroad from their inception to June 5, 2024. Two researchers with evidence-based nursing research background independently evaluated the quality of the literatures and extracted evidence to sort them out and analyze them. Results: A total of 16 articles were included, containing 5 guidelines, 4 expert consensus, 4 evidence summaries, 3 systematic reviews. We summarized 26 pieces of evidence which were then classified into 3 themes, namely, risk assessment and risk factor identification, prevention and treatment, and monitoring and management of enteral nutrition-associated vomitting in patients with mechanical ventilation. Conclusion: This study summarizes the evidence for the prevention and management of enteral nutrition-associated vomitting in mechanically ventilated patients so that nurses can follow the evidence and select personalized prevention and management plans combined with clinical situations to promote evidence-based nursing practice of those patients.

Objective: To systematically evaluate and analyze the risk prediction model for 30-day unplanned readmission of stroke patients to provide reference for clinical practice. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted for articles related to risk prediction for stroke patients with 30-day unplanned readmission risk from the inception of the databases to February 17, 2024. Screened literature and extracted data, and used PROBAST, a bias risk assessment tool for predictive model studies, to analyze the bias risk and suitability of the included studies. Results: A total of 10 studies on the development of risk prediction models for stroke patients with unplanned readmission were included. The area under the receiver operating curve of the model was 0.62-0.955. The 10 studies showed relative high risk of overall bias, good applicability, different performance, namely, each had its own advantages and disadvantages. Conclusion: The research of 30-day unplanned readmission risk prediction model for stroke patients is still on the way, and the prediction performance needs to be improved. Meanwhile, healthcare professionals should focus more on patients with advanced age, long hospital stay, indwelling tubes and multiple chronic comorbidities, and take reasonable preventive measures in a targeted manner.

Objective: To systematically review the promoters and hindrances of cancer patients' participation in pre-rehabilitation, and to provide a reference for improving the pre-rehabilitation pathway. Methods: The qualitative, quantitative and mixed studies on the promoters and barriers to cancer patients' participation were systematically searched in pre-rehabilitation in domestic and foreign databases, and the search time was from the establishment of the database to December 31, 2023. The literature was screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and two reviewers independently evaluated the quality using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). The qualitative and quantitative research data were integrated to summarize the themes and obtain the promoters and hindrances of the cancer patients to participate in the pre-rehabilitation. Results: A total of 22 studies were included, of which 17 were qualitative studies, 2 were quantitative studies, and 3 were mixed studies. Through the extraction of the included studies, 5 types of integrated results were finally formed: individual factors, environmental factors, social support factors, pre-rehabilitation implementation process factors and pre-rehabilitation program characteristics factors, and 17 promoting factors and 19 hindrance factors were summarized for cancer patients to participate in pre-rehabilitation. Conclusion: There are many influencing factors for cancer patients to participate in pre-rehabilitation. It is suggested that multi-dimensional intervention strategies should be adopted to solve the obstacles of patients' participation in pre-rehabilitation and promote the popularization of pre-rehabilitation.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the effects of high-intensity interval training on patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Methods: A systematic and comprehensive literature search was conducted for randomized controlled trials examining the effects of high-intensity interval training in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, CNKI, WanFang Data, VIP, and SinoMed. The search timeframe was from the establishment of the databases to November 1, 2023. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software after 2 researchers independently screened the literature, extracted relevant information and quality assessment. Results: Fourteen papers with a total of 598 patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease were finally included. Meta-analysis results showed that high-intensity interval training was effective in reducing visceral fat [MD=-7.84, 95% CI (-13.19, -2.50), P=0.004] and improving liver function (ALT) [MD=-4.99, 95% CI (-6.31, -3.67), P<0.001], (AST) [MD=-2.63, 95% CI (-3.79, -1.47), P<0.001], and improving quality of life [MD=0.98, 95% CI (0.78, 1.18), P<0.001] and peak oxygen uptake [SMD=1.51, 95% CI (0.77, 2.24), P<0.001]. The effects of high-intensity interval training on LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, and triglycerides were statistically significant, while the effect on HDL cholesterol was not significant [MD=-2.71, 95% CI (-0.22, 5.65), P=0.070]. Conclusion: High-intensity interval training can reduce visceral fat, increase peak oxygen uptake, improve cardiopulmonary function, and enhance the quality of life of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver. However, further research is needed to improve patients' high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

Objective: To extract and summarize the evidence related to the transition management of adult health care for adolescents with Chronic Kidney Disease, and provide a reference for promoting high-quality transitional care for adolescents with Chronic Kidney Disease in China. Methods: According to the "6S" pyramid evidence model, we systematically searched articles related to the transition management of adolescents with Chronic Kidney Disease to adults from relevant websites and databases. Time limit for the search from the establishment of the database to June 3, 2024. Researchers trained in evidence-based nursing evaluated the methodological quality of the included literature and collected the evidence after data extraction. Results: A total of 10 articles were included, including 4 guidelines, 4 expert consensus and 2 systematic reviews. There were 23 pieces of evidence that focus on four key aspects: team building, transition preparation, transition care and integration into adult healthcare. Conclusion: This study summarizes the evidence on the transition management for adolescents with Chronic Kidney Disease, which can provide a theoretical basis for the development of medical transition management programs for adolescents with Chronic Kidney Disease in China.

Patient portal based information sharing helps meet the unique needs of elderly patients with cognitive impairment in disease care. This article introduces and analyzes the overview, development status, feasibility and effectiveness, application difficulties, thoughts and countermeasures of the patient portal. Intending to provide new ideas for the application of patient portal in elderly patients with cognitive impairment in China, and to provide reference for improving the construction of localized information sharing platforms in China.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the medication management experience of family caregivers of aged patients with polypharmacy to provide a reference for developing individualized support strategies for family caregivers to participate in medication management. Methods: We searched both Chinese and English databases to include eligible literatures whose quality was later evaluated. The retrieval time limit was from the inception to 26th, December 2023. The results were summarized using the meta-synthesis of qualitative research. Results: A total of 11 articles were included from which 39 research topics were extracted and summarized into 13 new categories. The new categories were grouped into 4 integrated findings: the tasks and participation types of family caregivers; influencing factors of family caregivers' participation in medication management; the challenges and needs of family caregivers; the effective strategies adopted by family caregivers in the process of medication management. Conclusion: The experience of family caregivers participating in medication management is complex and diverse. Medical staff should respect the different participation types caregivers in medication management practice and provide professional and individualized guidance for them to improve their participation experience, and provide medication management support services for elderly patients with polypharmacy and their caregivers.

Objective: To conduct a scoping review of the technical forms, rehabilitation contents, outcome indicators, and effects of the mobile Health (mHealth) technology for home rehabilitation in older adults with cognitive impairment. Methods: Following the JBI scoping review methodology framework, nine Chinese and English databases were searched from their inception to February 10, 2024. The included literature was summarized and analyzed. Results: A total of 31 articles were included, 24 in English and 7 in Chinese. The forms of mHealth technology mainly included video conferencing, applications, social platforms, remote rehabilitation systems, web platforms, and Virtual Reality. The contents of home rehabilitation involved cognitive training, physical activity, dietary guidance, self-management, and health guidance. Outcome indicators included rehabilitation indicators, quality of life, feasibility evaluation, and patient experience. Conclusion: The application of mHealth technology for the home rehabilitation in older adults with cognitive impairment can improve their functions in many aspects. The research design should be standardized, the mobile health technology rehabilitation program should be constructed by combining multiple elements, and the development of mobile health technology should be promoted with the support of multiple parties to enhance the effectiveness of home rehabilitation for older people with cognitive impairment.

Objective: To investigate the current situation of utilization of home hospice care services in older adults in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Methods: A survey was conducted in 332 older adults from six medical and nursing institutions providing hospice services and three communities in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. They were asked to answer the self-designed questionnaire. Results: The utilization rate of home hospice services was low at 13.6%, and the main reason for not utilizing home hospice services was lacking of awareness of the services (92.3%). The 45 older adults who utilized home hospice care were mostly patients with malignant tumors (75.6%), and the purpose of utilizing the services was symptom management especially pain control. The quality of palliative care was at an average level. Conclusion: It is recommended to promote the establishment of the "hospital-community-home" hospice service model, cultivate highly specialized multidisciplinary teams, and strengthen the public awareness of hospice care. The implementation of these measures is expected to promote the comprehensive development of hospice services and improve the quality of life and health of the population.

Objective: To explore the application effect of standardized nursing process in operating room under Diagnosis Related Groups (DRG) payment, and to provide reference for ensuring the implementation of DRG payment mode. Methods: A total of 120 surgical patients without complications or comorbidities were selected from 4 subgroups with DRG code GD25, IC35, EB15 and BB35, and the 60 patients from March to September 2023 were selected as the control group, and the 60 patients from October 2023 to March 2024 were selected as the observation group. There was no differnece in the number of surgical cases, surgical procedures and coding between the two groups. Standardized nursing process was implemented in the observation group during perioperative period, the time, the material cost cannot be priced and quality of nursing were compared between the two groups. Results: The trocar puncture time, item preparation time before surgical hand washing, time from anesthesia to the beginning of operation, and postoperative instrument cleaning and disinfection time in observation group were shorter than those in control group (P<0.05). The amount of sterile gauze, the number of empty surgical instruments, the amount of disinfectant and the amount of surgical sheet in the observation group were less than those in the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of inadequate equipment preparation, inadequate consumables preparation, equipment failure and trocar puncture failure in observation group were lower than those in control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The standardized nursing process in operation room is benefit to improve the work efficiency and quality, and ensure the implementation of the DRG payment mode in the hospital through rational utilization of resources and accurate calculation of operation project cost.

Objective: To evaluate the effect happiness perception training combined with emotional release therapy in patients with post-stroke depression, so as to provide reference for the rehabilitation of these patients. Methods: Using convenience sampling method, 74 patients with post-stroke depression hospitalized in neurology department of a tertiary grade A hospital in Anhui province from January to May 2023 were recruited as the control group, and 65 patients with post-stroke depression hospitalized from June to October 2023 were included in observation group for prospective study. The control group received routine nursing care, while the observation group received a happiness perception combined with emotional release therapy on the basis of the routine nursing care. The psychological resilience and cognitive emotion regulation ability of patients were evaluated using the CD-RISC and CERQ before intervention and at 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 3 months after intervention. Negative emotion was evaluated by HAMD, and the self-care ability of daily life was assessed by Bathel Index (BI). Results: After 8 weeks and 3 months of intervention, the scores of optimism and self-reliance and total score of CD-RISC in observation group were higher than those in control group (P<0.05). The HAMD scores after 8 weeks and 3 months of intervention were lower in observation group than those in control group (P<0.05). The self-blame score of CERQ in observation group after 3 months of intervention was lower while the positive refocus score was higher compared to control group (P<0.05). After 3 months of intervention, the BI score in observation group was higher than that in control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Happiness perception training combined with emotional release therapy can relieve the depression degree, enhance the psychological resilience and cognitive emotion regulation ability, and promote the daily living ability in patients with post-stroke depression.

Objective: To explore the current situation, influencing factors, and demand attributes of continuing care for liver transplant recipients, in order to provide a basis for improving the quality of continuing care services for liver transplant recipients. Methods: Totally 361 patients from three comprehensive hospitals in Guangzhou, including the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, that underwent liver transplantation surgery and underwent outpatient or inpatient follow-up, were recruited as the research participants from September to November 2023. A general information survey questionnaire, a self-designed questionnaire on the demand for continuing care services for liver transplant recipients, and a KANO model based questionnaire on the attributes of the demand for continuing care services for liver transplant recipients were used to collect patient's data. Afterwards, data were analyzed. Results: The average score for continuity of care needs among liver transplant recipients was 46.26±15.04, indicating a high level. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that age, postoperative complications, duration of post liver transplantation, marital status, and per capita monthly income of the family were the influencing factors of the patient's need for continuity of care (P<0.05). There were 14 attractive requirements and 13 one-dimensional requirements in the demand attributes for continuity of care services among recipients. And there were 15 requirements located in the advantageous area, 5 requirements in the improvement area, 3 requirements in the observation area, and 4 requirements in the reserved area. Conclusion: The continuity of care needs of liver transplant recipients are high and influenced by multiple factors. By identifying the type of needs of patients, high-quality continuity of care services can be provided.

Objective: To optimize the selection and rotation strategies for subcutaneous insulin injection sites in children, and enhance the knowledge level and standardization practices of nursing behaviors among healthcare professionals. Methods: The evidence was applied to hospitalized diabetic patients receiving subcutaneous insulin injection from March to September 2023. The study included four phases: evidence acquisition, current situation review, evidence implementation, and outcome evaluation. A comparison was made between the pre-evidence-based practice period (from March to May 2023) and the post-practice period (from July to September 2023) in terms of healthcare professionals' knowledge level of evidence on insulin injection site selection and rotation strategies, the implementation rates of various review indicators, rotation rates, and patient satisfaction with the execution of the rotation plan and the use of auxiliary rotation tools. Results: After the evidence-based practice, out of nine review indicators, seven showed a significant increase in implementation rates, with statistical significance (P<0.05). The rotation rate increased from 70.57% to 94.20 (P<0.05). The scores of healthcare professionals in the relevant knowledge assessment increased significantly from 25.00±5.59 points to 41.76±8.47 points (P<0.05). The satisfaction scores of inpatients showed a slight improvement. Conclusion: The application of the best evidence for the selection and rotation strategies of subcutaneous insulin injection sites in children with diabetes can enhance the awareness of evidence among nursing staff, standardize nursing practices, improve implementation rates and patient satisfaction.

The current hospital quality improvement measures, focusing on patient experience, have garnered significant attention. Patient journey mapping, which tracks the interactions between patients and healthcare institutions from the patient's perspective, helps to comprehensively understand the patient's experience throughout the care process. This article reviews the definition and evolution of patient journey mapping and related definitions, common presentation formats and construction methods, as well as the progress in their application to improve patient experience. It explores its role in optimizing care processes, improving the care environment, enhancing doctor-patient communication, and assisting special populations. Additionally, it provides outlooks for using patient journey maps to improve nursing services, offering a reference for its application in the field of clinical healthcare.

Objective: To conduct a scoping review of studies related to the application of exercise rehabilitation in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy. Methods: A literature search was performed in the domestic and foreign databases to identify relevant studies on exercise rehabilitation in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy. The included studies were summarized and analyzed. Results: Totally 22 studies were included. The results showed that exercise methods can be divided into 4 categories, namely respiratory exercise, aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, and postoperative progressive ambulation. There was no unified standard for exercise time, frequency and intensity, which depends on the type of exercise and the physical condition of the patients. The outcome indicators involve 4 aspects of safety usability, feasibility, compliance, and effectiveness. Conclusion: Exercise rehabilitation is diversified and individualized, with a positive effect on patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy. Future research should focus on exploring the best exercise intervention strategies, improving its evaluation index system, and conducting more large-scale and high-quality randomized controlled trials to verify the intervention effects.