Objective: To design a volume record sheet for patients with heart failure and identify its clinical application effects, and to provide a reference for volume management quality improvement. Methods: The volume record sheet was designed based on literature review, group discussions, and brainstorming. Participants with heart failure were conveniently selected from a tertiary grade A hospital in Sichuan province. The rates of volume records, the standardization of records, the timely treatments of oral potassium, the compliance of recording at home, and the readmission rates in 3 months after discharge were compared before and after the application of the recording sheet. Results: After the application of the volume record sheet, the rates of volume records, the standardization of records, the timely treatments of oral potassium, and the compliance of recording at home in patients with heart failure were increased significantly by 32.7%, 10.1%, 22.1%, and 19.9%, respectively (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in 3-month readmission (P>0.05). Conclusion: The application of volume record sheet in patients with heart failure is helpful to standardize the volume record process, improve the record completeness and standardization, to increase record compliance at home, and further provides a scientific reference for better volume management decision.

Objective: To construct a self-volume management program in elderly patients with chronic heart failure and and evaluate its application effectiveness, so as to improve their self-care ability. Methods: Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior, the program of self-volume management for elderly patients with chronic heart failure was constructed with Delphi method, including behavioral attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, behavioral intention to generation. Elderly patients with chronic heart failure admitted to a tertiary grade A hospital in Beijing from June 2022 to January 2023 was selected by convenient sampling. Those were admitted from June to September 2022 were set as the control group (n=47), and they were with routine nursing care. Those were admitted from October 2022 to January 2023 were set as the intervention group (n=44), and they were with routine nursing care combined with self-volume management. Self-care ability, volume-related indicators, and the incidence of adverse cardiovascular events were compared between the two groups after 3 months. Results: After 3 months, the self-care ability score of the patients in intervention group was lower than that of the control group (P<0.001), and the decrease in brain natriuretic peptide levels and weight loss was greater than that of the control group (P<0.001). The left ventricular end diastolic diameter of the the patients in intervention group decreased, while the control group expanded, the trend of changes in the two groups was statistically different (P=0.036). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of cardiovascular adverse events between the two groups (P=0.138). Conclusion: The self-volume management programs constructed in this study are benefit to improve the self-management ability and volume management effects of elderly patients with chronic heart failure, and can provide a reference for self-volume management in this population.

Volume management in patients with chronic heart failure is closely related to the treatment and prognosis of the disease. With the advancement of science and technology, quantified self, as a new way of health management, is being gradually applied to the volume management of patients with chronic heart failure. This article reviews the overview, application, limitation, and implication and recommendation of quantified self in volume management of patients with chronic heart failure, with the aim of providing assistance to clinical healthcare professionals in volume management.

Objective: To explore the effect of ABC-based volume management on early volume overload in heart failure patients with Venous-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (VA-ECMO), and provide a reference for volume management in VA-ECMO patients. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on heart failure patients who received VA-ECMO treatment in the Coronary Care Unit of a tertiary grade A hospital in Tianjin from March 2019 to March 2024. Nineteen patients with conventional volume management from March 2019 to November 2021 were selected as the control group, and nineteen patients with ABC volume management from December 2021 to March 2024 were selected as the observation group. The effects of volume management within 3 days on patients with VA-ECMO treatment were compared between the two groups. Results: The mean arterial pressure and central venous pressure in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the cumulative liquid balance between the two groups (P>0.05). There was a greater increase in left ventricular ejection fraction (P=0.020) and a greater decrease in brain natriuretic peptide (P=0.002) in the observation group. There was no statistically significant difference in creatinine levels between the two groups (P>0.05), while there was a significant decrease in creatinine level on the third day compared to those on the second day in the observation group (P=0.033). Conclusion: The application of ABC-based volume management is benefit to reduce the early volume load in patients with VA-ECMO, effectively improve the cardiac function, accelerate the recovery of renal function, and reduce the risk of pulmonary edema and acute kidney injury.

Objective: To develop and assess the psychometric properties of the questionnaire of knowledge, attitude, and behavior on genetic risk for breast cancer in patients and their first-degree relatives. Methods: Based on the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice, the questionnaire of knowledge, attitude, and behavior on genetic risk for breast cancer in patients and their first-degree relatives was developed through literature review, semi-structured interviews, group discussions, two rounds of expert consultation and pilot survey. The psychometric properties of the questionnaire were assessed in 313 patients with breast cancer and their first-degree relatives who were recruited by convenience sampling. Results: The questionnaire involved 3 dimensions: knowledge, belief and behavior, with 34 items totally. The content validity index S-CVI/Ave was 0.969. The Cronbach's α was 0.872, the split half reliability was 0.720, the test-retest reliability was 0.905. Conclusion: The questionnaire of Knowledge-Attitude-Practice on genetic risk for breast cancer in patients and their first-degree relatives has good reliability and validity, and can be used to assess the knowledge, attitude and behavior of genetic risk for breast cancer in patients and their relatives.

Objective: To develop the Return-to-Work Obstacles Scale for young and middle-aged patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) and to test its reliability and validity, in order to provide reliable tools for evaluating the the degree of return-to-work obstacles in young and middle-aged patients with AMI. Methods: Based on Feuerstein model, the initial scale was formed by literature research, qualitative interview and Delphi technique. Using convenience sampling method, 414 young and middle-aged patients with AMI in a general hospital in Zhejiang province from August to November 2022 were recruited for formal investigation, and items were screened and the reliability and validity of the scale were tested. Results: The Return-to-Work Obstacles Scale for young and middle-aged patients with AMI included 4 dimensions and 20 items. The exploratory factor analysis finally extracted 4 common factors, and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 64.437%. The content validity of each item of the scale ranged from 0.80 to 1.00, and the average content validity was 0.94. The total scale Cronbach's α value and retest reliability were 0.915 and 0.997, respectively. Conclusion: The scale has good reliability and validity, and can be used as a tool to evaluate the degree of return-to-work obstacles in young and middle-aged patients with AMI.

Objective: To explore the death coping strategies of terminally ill patients and families, and to provide a realistic basis for the construction of localised hospice service model. Methods: Semi-structured interviews with 20 terminally ill patients and 21 family members were conducted using purposive sampling and snowballing methods, and data were analysed and themes were summarised using interpretative phenomenological analysis and metaphorical methods. Results: Five major themes were included:①Escapes, Turns and Detours—Pushing the hand out and come back in;②Hiding, Endurance and Tough Decisions—Conceal spear and restrain sharpness; ③Balance, sway and stability— Balance between offense and defense; ④ Soft Behaviour, transformative Expression—Softening out; ⑤Sustenance, Ritual and Heritage—A vehicle for better remembrance. Conclusion: The five themes integrated death coping strategies of terminally ill patients and families as "Playing Tai Chi with Death". The results of the study provide a culturally-inspired understanding of coping with death for terminally ill patients and families. The results also suggest that a hospice practice model with Chinese characteristics should be constructed on the basis of conforming to the excellent Chinese culture in the future.

Objective: To explore the obstacle factors of temperature management behavior of medical staff during the anesthesia recovery period based on the theoretical domain framework, to provide a basis for exploring postoperative temperature management strategies. Methods: This study used the phenomenological method in qualitative research. An interview outline was designed based on the theoretical domain framework, 13 medical staff were interviewed. The interview data were collated and analyzed using category analysis. Results: Five theoretical domains affected the temperature management behavior during anesthesia resuscitation, which were incomplete understanding of temperature management by medical staff, weak awareness of temperature management, shortage of manpower and equipment in anesthesia resuscitation room, poor orientation organizational atmosphere, and lack of concrete process and specific measures. Conclusion: There are various obstacles affecting the implementation of body temperature management during anesthesia recovery. The five theoretical domains summarized in this study can be used as improvement goals. Managers should explore postoperative temperature management strategies and implement programs to promote quality improvement in body temperature management.

Objective: To investigate the incidence and influencing factors of Orthostatic Intolerance (OI) during the first ambulation in older patients after total hip arthroplasty. Methods: A total of 196 patients over 65 years old after total hip arthroplasty who were hospitalized in the Department of Joint Surgery of a tertiary grade A hospital from June 2022 to March 2023 were selected by convenient sampling. The patients were investigated by the OI risk factor questionnaire, the OI symptom questionnaire, the general information of pain patients, the Numerical Rating Scale for pain, and the Modified Fall Efficacy Scale. The influencing factors of OI were analyzed. Results: Totally 42.4% of the older patients had OI symptoms after surgery. Logistic regression analysis results showed that fall efficacy, age, decreased hemoglobin level, BMI, pain score, and postural adaptive training were the risk factors for OI. Conclusion: The incidence of OI in older patients after total hip arthroplasty is high. Nurses should pay attention to the occurrence of OI symptoms in patients, strengthen the psychological status of patients, and carry out postural adaptability training, so as to help older patients to achieve rapid recovery after total hip arthroplasty.

Objective: To investigate the current situation of the use of nutrition labels in patients with Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), and to analyze its influencing factors based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), in order to provide a theoretical basis for the follow-up intervention research on nutrition labeling. Methods: A total of 998 patients with CHD hospitalized in two comprehensive tertiary grade A hospitals in Changsha were selected by convenience sampling method from April to November 2021, and a survey was carried out by using the general information questionnaire, the Nutrition Label Use Intention Scale and the nutrition label use questionnaire. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors. Results: The score of nutrition label use in patients with CHD was 1.79±0.93. The scores of behavior attitude, subjective norms, perceptual behavior control and behavior intention were 32.24±8.60, 14.91±4.93, 34.79±10.28 and 14.17±5.29, respectively. Multivariate linear regression analysis result showed that gender, education level, diabetes, behavioral attitude, perceptual behavior control and behavior intention were influencing factors for the use of nutrition labels (all P<0.05), which explained 53.8% of the total variation. Conclusion: The use of nutrition labels in patients with CHD is low, and interventions can be designed based on TPB to enhance patients' behavioral attitude, perceptual behavior control and behavioral intention, so as to improve the use of nutrition labels. Particular attention should be paid to male, poorly educated, and patients without diabetes.

Objective: To investigate the status quo of nurses' informatics competency in five secondary hospitals in Beijing, and analyze its influencing factors, so as to provide reference for the improvement plan of nurses' informatics competency. Methods: A total of 232 nurses from 5 secondary hospitals in Beijing were selected from September to November 2023 by convenience sampling. General data questionnaire, Nursing Informatics Competency Scale, Transformational Leadership Questionnaire and General Self-efficacy Scale were used to collect data. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of nursing information ability. Results: The total score of nursing informatics competency was 115.55±19.28, educational background, professional title, informatics education, transformational leadership and self-efficacy were the factors affecting the informatics competency of nurses' in the five secondary hospitals (P<0.05). Conclusion: The informatics competency of nurses in secondary hospitals in Beijing is in the medium level. Nursing managers should provide nursing information education and training according to different characteristics of nurses, and implement transformational leadership to stimulate the inherent potential of staff, so as to promote the nurses' informatics competency.

Objective: To describe the teaching ability, nursing information ability and evidence-based practice ability and explore their relationship, and to to provide reference for improving the teaching ability of clinical nursing teachers. Methods: By convenience sampling, a total of 740 clinical nursing teachers with undergraduate teaching experience were selected from 15 tertiary hospitals in 5 cities of Guangdong province from October 2022 to March 2024. A survey was conducted by the general data questionnaire, the Nursing Information Competence Scale, the Chinese version of the Evidence-Based Practical Competence Assessment Scale and the Teaching Competence Questionnaire, and the data was analyzed by Person correlation analysis and structural equation model. Results: The average scores of nursing information ability, evidence-based practice ability and teaching ability of clinical nursing teachers were 3.60±0.55, 3.16±0.74, 3.05±0.58, respectively. Nursing information ability had a direct effect on teaching ability (β=0.368, P<0.05), evidence-based practice ability had a direct effect on teaching ability (β=0.590, P<0.05), and nursing information ability indirectly affect teaching ability through evidence-based practice ability (β=0.238, P<0.05). Conclusion: The nursing information ability and evidence-based practice ability of clinical nursing teachers are at a medium level. The nursing information ability and evidence-based practice ability for clinical nursing teachers are suggested to be improved, so as to improve their teaching ability.

Objective: To investigate the status of early activity cooperation in patients with mechanical ventilation in ICU under multidisciplinary model in China, and to explore the influencing factors. Methods: From October to November 2022, 31 tertiary general hospitals in 18 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions were selected by convenience sampling, and multidisciplinary members of early activities of patients with mechanical ventilation in ICU were selected to complete the Chinese version of the inter-professional teamwork scale. Results: Among 554 medical staff, 76.9% participants did not know or know much about the specification and implementation process of the early activities of patients with mechanical ventilation in ICU, 69.0% participants did not know their role in multidisciplinary collaboration, 51.4% of the ICUs did not have a clear multidisciplinary team for early activities. Regression analysis showed that the number of critically ill patients, the presence of early activity norms and procedures, the attitude of surrounding colleagues, the establishment of a team, the communication style of members, and the leader of activities were factors influencing the level of collaboration in the multidisciplinary cooperation of early activities (P<0.05). Conclusion: The cooperation model of early activities of patients with mechanical ventilation in ICU is not clear, and it is necessary to develop and improve the multi-disciplinary cooperation strategy of early activities by considering the current situation of medica human resources in China, the economic level of various regions.

Objective: To construct a Entrustable Professional Activities indicator system for newly hired nurses in the Cardiac Surgery ICU and to provide a reference for the competency assessment of nurses in clinical Cardiac Surgery ICU. Methods: The first draft of the Entrustable Professional Activities indicators for newly hired nurses in Cardiac Surgery ICU was constructed through literature review and group discussion. From December 2022 to February 2023, 15 experts from Henan, Shandong, Shanxi, and Hubei provinces were consulted using Delphi method to form the evaluation Indicators for Entrustable Professional Activities for newly hired nurses. Results: The recovery rate of the two rounds of expert consultation questionnaires was 100.0%. The Kendall coefficients of the two rounds of expert consultation were 0.218 and 0.362 respectively (all P<0.05). Finally, 20 Entrustable Professional Activities indicators for newly hired nurses in Cardiac Surgery ICU and their content descriptions were constructed, and the expected confidence levels of each indicator at different time points were determined. Conclusion: The content of high-quality entrustable professional activities indicators for newly hired nurses in Cardiac Surgery ICU is preliminarily constructed, and the expected confidence levels at different time points are determined, so as to provide a valuable reference for the competency-oriented training of new nurses in Cardiac Surgery ICU.

Objective: To develop the evaluation index system of the head nurse's capacity to respond to public health emergencies, and to provide insights for the evaluation and training of corresponding ability. Methods: According to the theory of PPRR (Prevention, Preparation, Response, Recovery) risk management model and guided by the International Council of Nurses disaster nursing ability framework (version 2.0) the first draft of the evaluation index system, for the emergency response capacity of head nurses to cope with public health emergencies was formed through literature analysis, semi-structure interview and discussion in the research group; the Delphi method was applied to conduct 2 round consultation with 28 experts and the hierarchical analysis and average distribution method was used to determine the weights of each indicator for each level. Results: Formation of a system of indicators for evaluating the emergency response capacity of nurse leaders in the event of public health emergencies, comprising 4 first-level indicators, 18 second-level indicators, and 62 third-level indicators. The valid return rate of two rounds of expert consultation was 93.9% and 90.3%, the expert authority coefficient was 0.867 and 0.855 respectively, and Kendall's w of the index was 0.104-0.165 and 0.112-0.229, respectively (P<0.05). Conclusion: The evaluation index system of the head nurse's capacity to cope with public health emergencies developed in this study provides a tool for the evaluation of the emergency response ability of clinical head nurses and a insight for the optimization of corresponding training mode.

Intraoperative Acquired Pressure Injury is one of the common complications in cardiovascular disease patients, which can affect the recovery outcomes, increase healthcare costs, prolong hospital stays. This article provides a comprehensive summary from various perspectives, including an overview of risk prediction models, types of risk prediction models for cardiovascular disease patients, predictive factors, evaluation criteria, and validation scope. It also compares and analyzes different risk prediction models, aiming to provide evidence for healthcare professionals to identify cardiovascular disease patients at potential risk for Intraoperative Acquired Pressure Injury and develop targeted preventive strategies.

This paper comprehensively reviewed the information security and its assessment instruments in healthcare professionals, compared those instruments to provide references for localized relevant instrument development. It is suggested that tailored instruments regarding the information security should be developed based on the Chinese policy of information security, recommendations made by experts of information security as well as clinical experts, and other information security assessment instruments.

Objective: To retrieve, evaluate and summarize the latest evidence on the prevention and management for immune-related cutaneous adverse events in cancer patients. Methods: Based on the 6S pyramid model, literatures on the prevention and management of immune-related cutaneous adverse events in cancer patients were systematically searched. The retrieval period was from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2023. Evidence was extracted and integrated after quality evaluation of the included studies. Results: A total of 16 articles were finally included, containing 7 guidelines, 1 clinical decision, 6 expert consensuses and 2 systematic reviews. In total, 28 pieces of evidence including 7 aspects were summarized, namely multidisciplinary team, baseline assessment, daily cutaneous management, early diagnosis, symptom management, follow-up monitoring, and health education. Conclusion: The study summarized the evidence for the prevention and management of immune-related cutaneous adverse events in cancer patients, which can provide a reference for clinicians to formulate reasonable management strategies. However, it is still necessary to choose appropriate evidence based on the actual clinical situation and patients' individual needs in clinical practice.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the real experience of immunotherapy in patients with lung cancer, so as to provide a reliable basis for medical staff to formulate care plan. Methods: Qualitative studies on the experience of immunotherapy inpatients with lung cancer were searched from CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, SinoMed, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, PsycINFO and other databases from the inception of the database to August 31, 2023. The JBI qualitative research quality evaluation criteria were used to evaluate the quality of the literature, and the aggregated Meta-synthesis method was used to integrate the results. Results: A total of 10 studies were included, and 54 findings were extracted and summarized into 9 new categories to form 3 integrated results, including multiple challenges brought by immunotherapy, multi-dimensional needs of patients, positive self-adjustment and role growth. Conclusion: Patients with lung cancer immunotherapy are faced with many challenges from physiology, psychology, family and society. Medical staff should pay attention to improving patients' cognition of treatment, dynamically monitoring the symptoms, and meeting their various needs.

Objective: To collect and summarize the evidence on exercise interventions for adult patients with metabolic syndrome after liver transplantation to providing a reference for clinical practice. Methods: According to the "6S" model of evidence-based retrieval, a top-down search was conducted across 23 databases from inception of database to 31 Oct, 2023, including clinical decision systems, evidence-based databases, guideline websites, and comprehensive databases. This search focused on guidelines, evidence summaries, clinical decision, expert consensus, and systematic reviews related to exercise interventions for liver transplant patients with metabolic syndrome. Four researchers were responsible for the literature quality assessment, evidence extraction, and preliminary grading. Results: A total of 16 publications were included, comprising 1 clinical decision, 5 guidelines, 7 systematic reviews, and 3 expert consensuses. Finally 27 evidence recommendations were formed, covering the development, implementation, safety management, compliance management, and evaluation of intervention effects of exercise programs for patients with metabolic syndrome after liver transplantation. Conclusion: The results of this study can assist clinical medical staff in implementing exercise interventions for liver transplant patients with metabolic syndrome, providing an evidence-based foundation.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the qualitative studies on Neuropathic Pain (NP) experience of patients with spinal cord injury, in order to provide reference for improving their mental health and establishing a support system. Methods: Qualitative studies on NP experience in patients with spinal cord injury were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang Data, CBM, and VIP from inception to December 31, 2023. The quality of literature was evaluated using the quality evaluation standards set by the Evidence-Based Healthcare Center of the Joanna Briggs Institute in Australia, and the results were integrated using a pooled integration method. Results: Ten articles were enrolled with 38 original topics being extracted to form 9 new categories which were integrated into 3 overall results, including: multiple experiences and impacts of NP, adopting different strategies to deal with NP, and having unsatisfied multidimensional needs. Conclusion: Patients with spinal cord injury have gone through unique NP experiences and they have diverse coping styles requiring relevant support. Medical staff should pay attention to the NP of those patients, provide them with support and encouragement to help them better cope with pain and improve their quality of life.

Objective: To retrieve, evaluate and summarize the evidence on Home Mechanical Ventilation (HMV) for children, and to provide standardized assessment and management evidence for children in need of HMV. Methods: The evidence-based questions were identified based on the PIPOST model, and the literature was retrieved according to the "6S" model from inception to August 2023. Professional evidence-based nurses evaluated the quality of the literature and extracted relevant evidence. Results: A total of 11 articles were included, including 4 guidelines, 2 expert consensuses, 1 systematic review, 2 cohort studies and 2 quasi-experimental studies. A total of 28 pieces of evidence were formed from six aspects: preliminary preparation for discharge, caregiver training, equipment and safety, home care technology, follow-up monitoring, and long-term development. Conclusion: The transition of children in need of mechanical ventilation from hospital to home is a cumbersome and complex process, and individualized discharge plans and follow-up plans should be formulated to improve the quality of life of children and their families, and prolong children's life as much as possible.

Medical fear is a common psychological response for children in hospital environments, which affects them in many aspects, including physiology, psychology and therapeutics. This article introduced common assessment tools for children's medical fear, summarized the main content, assessment methods, target populations and development of assessment tools. It is expected to facilitate clinical nursing staff to understand the assessment tools, and to promote the selection and application of assessment tools for children's medical fear.

Objective: To retrieve, evaluate, and summarize relevant evidence on the prevention and management of infiltration and extravasation injuries in neonates to guide clinical practice. Methods: We searched UpToDate, BMJ Best Practice, CNKI and other Chinese and English database or websites to collect relevant guidelines, clinical decisions, evidence summaries, systematic reviews and expert consensuses published from January 1, 2013 to March 31, 2024. Four researchers who had received systematic evidence-based knowledge training independently evaluated the quality of the literature and extracted evidence. Results: A total of 10 articles were included, including 4 guidelines, 3 expert consensuses, and 3 systematic reviews. A total of 24 pieces of evidence were collected, mainly involving 4 aspects of skin assessment, venous catheter assessment, classification and treatment of infiltration and extravasation, quality control. Conclusion: This study summarizes the evidence for the prevention and management of infiltration and extravasation injuries in neonates, providing a basis for preventing extravasation in clinical intravenous infusion. It suggests that clinical nursing measures should be formulated based on evidence, combined with the actual situation of departments and neonates, to reduce the occurrence of infiltration and extravasation in neonatal peripheral intravenous infusion and improve nursing quality.

Objective: To search, evaluate and summarize the evidence of postoperative cardiac rehabilitation management in children with Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) at home and abroad, so as to provide a reference for clinical decision-making. Methods: All the guides, evidence summaries, practice recommendations, expert opinions and systematic reviews related to cardiac rehabilitation after operation of children with CHD in recent 20 years were systematically retrieved from websites at home and abroad, websites of professional societies and Chinese and English databases. Evidence was extrated and integrated after quality evaluation of the included studies. Results: A total of 21 articles were included, including 3 clinical guidelines, 1 evidence summary, 9 expert consensus and 8 systematic reviews. Finally, 39 pieces of evidence were summarized from seven aspects: team organization, exercise, nutritional support, enhancing immunity, maintaining mental health, medication management and effective over-follow-up. Conclusion: The evidence of cardiac rehabilitation after CHD surgery in children can provide evidence-based evidence for clinical medical staff, evaluate and manage the physical and mental health of children after CHD surgery in a scientific way, and help to improve the quality of life of children.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of six different oral care methods on the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis after chemotherapy in children with cancer, and to provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis after chemotherapy and to improve the long-term quality of life of children with cancer. Methods: Randomized controlled trials on the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis after chemotherapy in children with cancer were searched in Chinese and English databases from the time of establishment to May 31, 2023, and were independently searched and data extracted by two researchers. Network Meta-analysis was performed using ADDIS1.16.1 software. Results: A total of 21 articles were included. The results of Meta-analysis showed that chlorhexidine solution was the best choice to reduce the incidence of oral mucositis after chemotherapy in children with cancer. Low-dose laser therapy has the best effect on reducing the incidence of oral mucositis, the incidence of severe oral mucositis and the healing time of oral mucositis after chemotherapy in children with cancer. Honey is the most effective in shortening the healing time of oral mucositis after chemotherapy in children with cancer. Conclusion: Different oral care methods have their own advantages in the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis. In clinical practice, it is necessary to select the prevention and treatment plan according to the different stages of oral mucositis after chemotherapy in children with cancer, so as to effectively prevent and quickly cure the oral mucositis.

Doula care has been introduced to China for over thirty years, and currently mainly involves the field of childbirth. However, foreign countries have also carried out doula care in the field of end-of-life care, operating room and ICU. This article reviews the concept and origin of doula care, the current status and forms of doula care in various nursing fields at home and abroad, and puts forward suggestions for the future doula care development of our country in view of the shortcomings of doula care.

Optimal physical and psychological conditions are essential for kidney transplant patients before transplantation. Pre-habilitation, by increasing preoperative physiological reserve capacity, is an effective intervention to improve the health status of these patients, reduce postoperative complications, and promote rehabilitation. This review summarizes the necessity, main contents, and limitations of current research on the pre-habilitation implementation in kidney transplant patients, to provide a reference for the further promotion of pre-habilitation in kidney transplant patients in China.

Dietary pattern plays an important role in the treatment of patients with heart failure, and dietary intervention can improve their hospitalization outcome and prognosis. This paper reviews the contents, characteristics and application status of diet-related assessment tools for patients with heart failure, in order to provide reference for the subsequent introduction and development of diet-related assessment tools for Chinese patients with heart failure, and provide reference for scientific formulation of effective dietary intervention measures.