Abstract: Objective: To explore the incidences of gastrointestinal complications of patients with severe brain injury using the enteral nutrition support, and compare the incidences of gastrointestinal complications between the patients with enteral nutrition preparations in thermoneutral temperature infusion and heating infusion. Methods: Totally 234 patients with enteral nutrition support were selected from five hospitals in China using group sampling method. The subjects were randomly divided into thermoneutral temperature infusion group and heating infusion group. The thermoneutral group remain the ICU room temperature at (24.0±1.5). The heating group using enteral feeding pump with heating temperature between 37℃and 40. Results: The main complications of the subjects were constipation 62 cases (26.5%), gastric retention 51 cases (21.8%), diarrhea 50 cases (21.4%), abdominal distention 6 cases (2.6%), vomiting 2 cases (0.9%). The incidences of constipation and gastric retention in the thermoneutral groupwere significantly higher than the heating group (χ2=8.777, P<0.05) (χ2=4.237, P<0.05) respectively. The incidence of diarrhea in the thermoneutral group was significantly lower than the heating group (χ2=26.045, P<0.05). Conclusions: The gastrointestinal complications are the major issues in the process of the enteral nutrition support in patients with severe brain injury. Nursing intervention to prevent and reduce the gastrointestinal complications should be emphasized.